31.08.2022, 08:30 - 09:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
Brain health is the optimal or maximal functioning of behavioral and biological measures of the brain and the subjective experiences arising from brain function. This includes measurements of biological markers of the brain (e.g., structural brain morphology) or the subjective manifestations of brain function, including mood and anxiety, perceptions of quality of life, cognitive function (e.g., attention and memory), and sleep. Maintaining a healthy brain during one’s life is the uppermost goal in pursuing health and longevity. Exercise is known to improve brain health, but debate continues regarding the consistency and magnitude of its effects across populations (i.e. children vs. older adults), cognitive domains (i.e., intelligence, general cognition, episodic memory, executive function), brain regions (i.e., hippocampus subfields, other subcortical regions, prefrontal cortex subregions) and exercise characteristics (i.e., type, frequency, duration or dose). This plenary session will show the state of the art in this field, and will present novel findings on the effects of different type of exercise programs on brain health in children and older adults based mainly on data from 2 independent exercise-based randomized trials (i.e., the ActiveBrains and IGNITE trials). Particularly, ActiveBrains is a two-group randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a 20-week concurrent exercise program (aerobic+ resistance-strength exercise) on brain outcomes in children age.
Display PL-PS0102.09.2022, 16:15 - 17:30, Lecture room: ATHENS
Dealing with physical activity is a matter of multi-level dynamics. The awareness that complex physiological systems and subsystems, each with its own regulation, continuously interact with each other, leading to distinct physiologic functions, has been opening novel intriguing doors for basic and applied research. Human movement science is an unbelievably useful framework for understanding human physiology. Into this topic, exercise and sport represent well-defined and feasible approaches for advancing our knowledge. To navigate into this field, we are going to employ a multi-faceted approach covering systemic cross-talk, molecular transducers of exercise effects, multi-omics, nested dynamics of physiological interactions, and the emergence of nonlinear network phenomena. Understanding the interconnectedness and adaptiveness of physiological systems and subsystems, through the lenses of complex systems science, dynamic systems theory, and big data and bioinformatic analyses rises the possibility of unveiling novel insights for translational sports medicine and applied physiology. Moreover, innovative approaches for understanding emergent behaviours, state transitions, and physiopathological trajectories will emerge from the hereinto-stated issues, with meaningful implications for sport, fitness, and lifestyle. Sports performance, brain sciences, health sciences, as well as human behavioural sciences, are all interested by the presented amazing and worth exploring topics.
Display PL-PS0231.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: SALZBURG
In sports and exercise science, fatigue is an elusive concept that can be induced both cognitively and physically. Both underlying mechanisms of fatigue have important implications for human performance. Over the last decade scientific attention for the mental aspect of fatigue, and its potential implications for physical performance capacity, has grown significantly. Mental fatigue is precipitated following periods of prolonged cognitive activity and has been shown to impair endurance performance capacity and some sport specific tasks. Therefore, mental fatigue can have important implications in industrial, military, and clinical settings, and certainly influence sports performance. This symposium will provide an international perspective from established researchers from Australia (Dr Russell), Brussels (Dr Roelands), and the United States (Dr Bailey). We will summarize our current understanding of mental fatigue and the potential mechanisms that underly this phenomenon. The impact of mental fatigue in different settings and how the negative effects of mental fatigue can potentially be countered will also be explored. We will also focus on the occurrence of mental fatigue during athlete training and competition, and the practical implications for performance.
Display IS-AP0131.08.2022, 11:30 - 12:45, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Today, sport climbing has become a rapidly developing, competitive sport included in the Olympic Games programme since Tokyo 2021. Given recent developments, the understanding of which factors may influence actual climbing performance is critical. The present session addresses original research developed within a multi-and-interdisciplinary perspective. The session will also devote time to address some implications of current research findings that are now implemented in common training practice of elite athletes. The symposium will attract sport scientists and researchers in the different fields of psychology, physiology, biomechanics and coaching, with an interest in gaining research-generated knowledge and understanding in sport in general, and that of sport climbing in particular. Furthermore, the session will attract applied scientists, coaches and sport practitioners with an interest in gaining and developing performance-based knowledge and understanding in ‘new-developing’ sporting disciplines in general; the sport of climbing works as a case-example here.
Display IS-AP0231.08.2022, 13:45 - 15:00, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Recent advances in sports technology has led to commercial force plate (FP) systems being commonly utilised in both elite sports clubs and sports injury clinics. Sport and exercise medicine professionals are, therefore, responsible for administering FP tests for a multitude or reasons. There are, however, few online resources or published studies available to guide FP use in sport, which has led to them not being utilised to their full potential, yet. Thus, the overarching aim of this symposium is to provide theoretical and applied examples of FP testing methods that are more novel and insightful for evaluating athletes’ neuromuscular characteristics, including after they become injured to help guide their return to full-time training and competition. Results of recent studies conducted within professional football will be presented, along with guidance on contextualising discrete FP variables to better inform athletes’ training requirements (Lecture A). The theoretical underpinnings of net impulse will be described, including the effects of verbal cues on its shape and magnitude to stress the importance of FP test standardisation (Lecture B). A critical summary of force-time curve modality categorisations will be discussed, alongside the application of statistical parametric mapping to inform athletes’ recovery from severe lower limb injury (Lecture C). Together, these lectures will be relevant to the many researchers and practitioners who regularly assess athletes with FPs.
Display IS-AP0301.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Combat sports represented 26% of all medals in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, and professional combat sports (e.g., boxing and mixed martial arts) are widely popular with interests among spectators growing rapidly. These sports are divided into striking (boxing, karate, and taekwondo), grappling (judo, Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling) and weapon-based (fencing) sports, with multiple physiological aspects influencing performance in these modalities. Athletes in these sports are frequently divided into weight categories, and rapid weight loss is highly prevalent among them, inducing an extra physiological and psychological burden to the common competition demand. Despite the growing public and academic interest, few discussions have occurred during Sport Science congresses. Thus, the aim of the present proposal is to present the physiological demand, testing procedures, and rapid weight loss procedures used by competitive athletes involved in these sports. To achieve this objective, José Morales Aznar (Spain) will present the combat sports-specific tests and their validation processes, Emerson Franchini (Brazil) will present on the physiological responses to combat sports, and Raquel Escobar Molina (Spain) will present on the prevalence, magnitude, methods and physiological consequences of rapid weight loss processes used by combat sports athletes
Display IS-AP0401.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: SALZBURG
An innovative perspective in talent development is to explore whether crossing boundaries at different levels is beneficial. In this symposium, we will approach this question from the micro level (i.e., the athlete), the meso level (i.e., between sports) as well as the macro level (i.e., between domains such as sport and school). By doing so, a better understanding will be gained on how various factors interact when it comes to optimizing talent identification and development with the ultimate goal to improve sport performance. This results in advice for practitioners in the field of talent development at all levels (i.e., athletes, coaches, sport scientists, managers, and policy makers).
Display IS-AP0501.09.2022, 15:00 - 16:30, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Flywheel resistance training devices are part of resistance training equipment nowadays in training rooms. Compared to traditional resistance exercises, the trainee pulls a rope or a strap attached to a rotary shaft to spin a flywheel. The self-regulated kinetic energy produced during the concentric phase of the movement is returned along with the eccentric phase. As a result, greater load could during the eccentric phase. At the beginning of the flywheel scientific research, those devices were proposed as an alternative to avoid the loss of muscle mass in the space (Berg & Tesch, 1998). Subsequently, flywheel training has been shown to be effective in different health programs (Beato et al., 2021; Bruseghini et al., 2015; Tesch et al., 2017) and performance programs (Muoz-López et al., 2021; Norrbrand et al., 2010; Nuez et al., 2019). Some of the physiological mechanisms that underpin the use of flywheel devices in resistance training are related to greater eccentric muscle activation than traditional resistance training (Norrbrand et al., 2010). Although flywheel devices have been shown to induce hypertrophic and performance effects, there is not much information on monitoring this equipment in training programs. This symposium aims to provide information on the physiological effects and consequent performance changes associated with flywheel resistance training, as well as the latest evidence for proper load monitoring with this technology.
Display IS-AP0601.09.2022, 16:30 - 17:45, Lecture room: SALZBURG
The systematic quantification of training load, fatigue and the related responses to exercise (in training and competition) plays an important role in competitive sport. In order to be able to quantify the individual stress responses and the subsequent changes in performance, training stimuli must be described and quantified as precisely as possible. However, this problem of describing and quantifying a training stimulus, fatigue and performance as accurately as possible exists both in training practice and in scientific studies. Several possibilities exist for quantifying the load, including external- or internal-objective parameters, which can be assessed using different techniques (wearables, point-of-care-testing, etc.). Another important point is the connection between training/competition load and fatigue/performance, i.e. the identification of physiological determinants. The following 3 topics will address different aspects of load monitoring and quantification of performance and fatigue.
Display IS-AP0702.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: SALZBURG
To prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus, activity in sport and exercise science laboratories worldwide ceased, particularly in situations where participants would experience high respiratory loads. To further prevent transmission, socially distanced measures were put into force, whereby people needed to be at least 1.5 to 2-metres apart. Restrictive measures still exist, and sport and exercise science researchers are presented with an ethical and practical challenge of examining outcome measures in laboratories, while at the same time ensuring the health and safety of both themselves and participants. A need therefore exists in identifying sport and exercise science outcome measures that can be conducted in environments that do not increase the risk of a person contracting COVID-19 yet provide meaningful outcomes. In this symposium, we will highlight innovative remote technological solutions and opportunities for sport and exercise scientists to conduct research in remote environments, such as exercising from home via virtual reality software. The three speakers in this session will focus on different aspects of how remote technology can be used as a powerful tool for manipulating behavioural, physiological & psychological variables for outcomes, associated challenges and pitfalls for its use in a restricted environment and discuss potential long-term opportunities of this approach as a viable virtual/real-world means of collecting data beyond the conventional laboratory.
Display IS-AP0802.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: SALZBURG
The sport and exercise science community is finally embracing the specific challenges pertaining to female athletic performance and health research on a larger scale, with many studies now emerging across a range of sub disciplines. The complex effects of fluctuating female hormones have historically led to an avoidance of studying women. However, a notable shift in attitudes around inclusivity and equality in recent years means that research studies relating to female-specific responses to training and competition are now considered an essential area for further study. New insights into the associations between specific phases of female hormonal cycles and training adaptations, athletic performance, health indicators and injury prevalence have been offered. This symposium aims to shed light on the progress made in these areas, and to identify and discuss current and future challenges within this field of research. In addition, this symposium will address the challenges of translating and integrating current knowledge (e.g. related to the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive use) into the training process. As the effects of fluctuating female hormones affect both the body and mind, interdisciplinary research that simultaneously – and not separately – considers multiple factors is needed. Thus, our symposium is relevant to various areas of sport science, including physiology, biomechanics, sports medicine, psychology, and coach education.
Display IS-AP0902.09.2022, 11:00 - 12:15, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Humans exhibit a wide range of individual responses to different stressors, like physical in/activity exposure to extreme environments. While we accept this is the case, individual variability (IV) in these responses is normally not of prime consideration. Typically, the intervention efficacy is evaluated by comparing the average responses between groups. Such an analytical approach is complicated by participants who exhibit either an extraordinary response (outliers), no response (non-responders), or an adverse response. These types of data are more often than not dealt with by omission and other inappropriate techniques of tidying or massaging the data. Next, is to present the data as means and standard deviations, or worse yet, as standard error mean. While the mean is useful in describing the expected outcome it does not accurately describe the response of all individuals within the experimental group. It is clearly important to quantify the given individual response in order to further fully understand the expected outcome. The recognition and understanding of the aetiology of such IV in the physiological responses to an intervention has important implications in many areas (exercise, heat, cold, hypoxia, space, work standards, etc.,). The aim of this symposium is primarily to acknowledge that IV of physiological responses is equally important to the mean response and that there is a need to understand the observed IV, particularly whether it is of clinical significance
Display IS-AP1002.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:15, Lecture room: ESTORIL
Biomechanics is an essential part of sport science and sports have always been an essential part of the International Society of Biomechanics (ISB), which is celebrating its 50th anniversary. In this special interest group session, three presentations will highlight the connection of biomechanics and the ISB with sports. First, the session will focus on muscle-tendon unit biomechanics and sports performance. With muscles being the motors of movement, which interact with their tendons, muscle-tendon unit biomechanics form the fundamental basis of sports performance and their limits. Further, muscle-tendon unit biomechanics adapt to training as well as muscle-tendon units are injury prone and therefore of great interest for sport science. Second, it will be shown how biomechanics can help to understand sports injury mechanisms, which in turn can help to prevent such injuries and to design effective treatment strategies after injury. Third, it will be shown how modelling and simulation can help to optimize sports technique. Because of the difficulty in sports measuring parameters of interest directly, simulation models provide a promising tool for sport science with great future potential. Finally, the numerous activities of ISB and how you can get involved in ISB and its activities will be briefly introduced.
Display ISB-0131.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Humans move with remarkable ease through a wide spectrum of steady and unsteady conditions. The high functionality is mediated by the interplay of neural control, muscle force generation and elastic connective tissues, acting specific at the different lower limb joints. The symposium addresses recent evidence on the neuromotor functional integrity and discuss practical and clinical implications as well as future directions. In particular it is presented, that contributions of plantar intrinsic foot muscles are important for modulating the mechanics of the foot during locomotion and external influences. The activation of the foot muscles and foot contributions to mechanical work depend on surface properties, suggesting implications for running shoe designs. Further, for the plantar flexors and knee extensors the interaction of muscle and elastic tendon enable advantages in functionality. Following a perturbation, timely-adjusted plantar flexor activity and increased co-activation allow the muscle to shorten and stretch the elastic element prior touchdown, improving its capacity to absorb energy and preventing muscle strain injury. During steady-state running, however, the main plantar flexor and knee extensor operate under conditions beneficial for metabolic economy, due to effective decoupling of muscle and muscle-tendon unit by tendon compliance. Specific muscle-tendon training can alter soleus muscle operating conditions, associated with improvements in energetic cost.
Display IS-BM0101.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Skeletal muscle force production relies on excitation and subsequent mechanical contraction of groups of muscle fibres innervated by a parent motor neuron, the motor unit. Understanding motor unit properties and behaviour is crucial for sports and exercise physiology, rehabilitation medicine and clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Current understanding has stemmed from seminal works studying the electrophysiological features of motor unit excitation. This however only captures part of the force production process. If we are to better understand physical ability and motor control, new methods to study motor unit properties and behaviours in vivo are required. In this symposium we will therefore present current state-of-the-art advances in ultrasound imaging techniques and image analysis for non-invasive detection and study of physical motor unit behaviours and properties, such as firing rate and location. We will explore the potential power of combining imaging with high-density electromyography techniques to identify motor unit locations and territories. We will also review potential applications for diagnosis and monitoring of motor unit properties in neurodegenerative diseases and discuss future opportunities to study new aspects of motor unit behaviour and muscle function of interest to physiologists, biomechanists and researchers developing improved mathematical skeletal muscle models.
Display IS-BM0202.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Functional ability (defined as retention of autonomy that promotes wellbeing as people age), a term established by WHO in its first world report on ageing and health, is the cornerstone of healthy ageing. However, there is currently no “golden standard” for measuring physical functioning in this population. Nowadays, wearable sensors are emerging as an objective and innovative tool to monitor physical functioning. These sensors do not only allow a detailed assessment of functional movements in the laboratory or clinical settings, but also have the potential to be used for continuous monitoring in unsupervised free-living environments. However, we should be aware that there is a clear distinction between a person’s ability to perform a skill in the laboratory (“capacity”) and his/her ability to perform that same skill in a natural environment (“daily performance”). This session will discuss how wearable sensors can be used to assess those different constructs and will provide a novel framework for functional assessments in older adults.
Display IS-BM0302.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: BELGRADE
The combination of low-load (LL) resistance training (20-40% 1RM) with concurrent blood flow restriction (BFR) consistently has been demonstrated to evoke significant increases in skeletal muscle size and strength comparable to that typically seen following high-load (HL) resistance training (70-90% 1RM). Importantly, these adaptions are observed across a wide population range that includes young untrained individuals, highly strength trained athletes, old adults and clinical patient groups. However, only scarce knowledge exist about the specific underlying physiological stimuli and adaptive pathways involved with LL-BFR resistance training. In three integrated presentations, this symposium will present recent and novel data on: I. myocellular adaptations with LL-BFR training and their underlying mechanisms (Nielsen J); II. use of novel MRI techniques to assess intramuscular fluid shifts and oxygenation during acute BFR exercise (Haddock B); III. effects of acute and long-term LL-BFR training on neuromuscular function (Centner C).
Display IS-BM0402.09.2022, 11:00 - 12:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
Surface electromyography is the gold standard for assessing the neuromuscular system in sports science. Surface electromyography typically involves positioning a single pair of electrodes on the skin to detect electric potentials, recorded via the surface electromyogram (EMG). These electrical potentials are attributable to the lumped, ionic currents underpinning muscle excitation. The ease with which the surface EMG may be detected, in addition to the information investigators expect it to convey, makes it an attractive option for gaining insight into the neural determinants of muscle function. Often to the detriment of the technique, these alluring advantages conceal caveats that EMG users should know before devising studies and, most crucially, drawing inferences of applied value. This Symposium seeks to enlighten sports scientists on these caveats and how to deal with them. We aim to increase awareness that: - Surface EMG may not be an accurate proxy of muscle excitation; - Accuracy increases when sampling surface EMGs from multiple skin sites via high-density surface EMG; - The acquisition of high-quality, high-density surface EMG during the highly dynamic conditions inherent to sports science is now possible.
Display IS-BM0531.08.2022, 11:30 - 12:45, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Mortality has steadily declined in the last century in high-income countries, leading to a long-term rise in life expectancy for both men and women. So seemingly successful, this rise in life expectancy challenges individuals to maintain independence and an optimal functional capacity in order to achieve active and healthy aging. However, frailty, a condition characterized by a progressive and multisystemic deterioration of the physiological reserve is still very prevalent amongst older individuals. The individual, economic, and societal burden associated with frailty remain one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. The development of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions (such as physical activity and exercise) aimed at delaying or preventing frailty has been at the forefront of the aging field. This session will offer details on the role of antioxidant status in frailty and how affects physical performance. It will also review methodology and cover novel accelerometer-based data analysis nailed for older adults. Finally, the role of physical activity and multi-component exercise interventions in the prevention and treatment of frailty and multimorbidity will be discussed. The international and multidisciplinary team of speakers lined up for this symposium will approach the talk from different angles: epidemiological, physiological, and molecular. The session will be of interest to exercise professionals and related fields.
Display IS-MH0131.08.2022, 11:30 - 12:45, Lecture room: VIENNA
Severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder, are among the leading causes of all-cause death, and disability worldwide. The global economic burden of mental illness in 2010was similar to that of cardiovascular diseases and higher than that of cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes and expected to more than double by 2030. Therefore, reducing the growing burden of mental illness is a global health priority. Maintaining active lifestyles and practising regular physical exercise are associated with multisystemic preventive effects with few adverse consequences and at a lower cost than usual pharmacological treatments. However, physical activity/exercise are poorly used as adjuvant therapies in people with severe mental illness, and up to date, there are no instruments for measuring activity behaviours specifically designed and validated in this vulnerable population. This Invited Session will highlight the potential of physical exercise in psychiatry from different angles that range from prevention to treatment of a wide range of psychiatric disorders. In the first place, we will analyze how a scientific dissemination project was created to help people with psychiatric disorders to improve their health-related quality of life through physical exercise and other healthy habits from a research project developed in Spain. Next, we will share how a meeting room was converted into a part-time exercise physiology clinic where individualized physical activity interventions were delivered by an accredited exercise physiologist in Australia and what impact it had on users and workers. And finally, we will analyze how to promote healthy lifestyle habits to prevent psychiatric disorders through interventions developed online thanks to the experience of a research project developed in Australia.
Display IS-MH0231.08.2022, 15:30 - 16:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
In recent years, there has been a proliferate awareness and growing concern about the potentially adverse long-term consequences of soccer-related head impacts. Beside head traumas due to player-player collisions, a possible association between frequent repetitive heading of the ball and late development of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia got into the center of interest. Along with this, an increasing amount of research has started focusing on uncovering the potential effects of soccer heading on brain health by studying cognition and motor behavior, employing neuroimaging techniques, extracting neurochemical biomarkers of brain injury, or using electrophysiological measures derived from transcranial magnetic stimulation or heart rate measurements. The speakers of the proposed symposium are experts for those different aspects. They will provide date reviews of the state of the art for the different dimensions of health threats for soccer players due to headers induced head-impacts and will present their current research. The symposium addresses sport scientist and physicians involved in various contact sports and in particularly soccer. Managers, coaches as well as players of soccer are also addressed in order to inspire discussion about the potential consequences of this research.
Display IS-MH0331.08.2022, 17:00 - 18:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
Children and adolescents are recommended to undertake an average of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day across the week to improve their health and wellbeing. However, few children and adolescents achieve this recommendation and interventions to increase levels of physical activity are largely unsuccessful. Contemporary observational data suggest it may be the vigorous component of current recommendations that drives the health benefits of physical activity, and that this may be achieved with less than 10 minutes of vigorous intensity physical activity per day. Thus, there is a strong rationale to examine whether increasing small volumes of daily vigorous physical activity, in the form of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) training, can promote health in children and adolescents. The aim of this session is to bring together three internationally leading researchers to provide a contemporary overview of the application of HIIE for health promotion in children and adolescents. Talk 1 will provide insights from controlled laboratory-based studies employing both acute and chronic HIIE models to provide a framework for the application of HIIE for health promotion in children and adolescents. The effectiveness of HIIE to promote health within the context of the school setting (Talk 2), and in the management of paediatric obesity (Talk 3) will then be discussed. The session will be of interest to researchers, policy makers, and a range of practitio
Display IS-MH0401.09.2022, 11:00 - 12:15, Lecture room: BELGRADE
High levels of muscular strength and power are crucial to maintain an independent lifestyle at older age. Muscle power output is a product of the force and the velocity of muscle shortening and declines earlier and more precipitously with advancing age compared to muscle strength. Many basic activities in daily life such as walking, climbing stairs, or simply standing from a seated position, require leg muscle power and consequently, muscle power has emerged as a more discriminant predictor of functional performance in older adults than muscle strength. In this symposium we will focus on how lower extremity muscle power can be used as a discriminant variable for understanding the relationships between impairments, functional limitations, and resultant disability with aging. Moreover, we will present current evidence for the underlying mechanisms and biological basis for the precipitous decline in muscle power with aging as well as application of exercise interventions targeted at improving lower extremity muscle power.
Display IS-MH0501.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:30, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Hamstrings strain injury (HSI) is the most common injury in intermittent sprint sports. This injury burden is a concern for clubs in terms of team performance, but is also associated with a significant financial cost (e.g. approximately €500,000 per month in Pro-leagues). Therefore, minimizing the risk of first injury is considered a key aspect of overall HSI reduction strategies. Dr. Julio Calleja (Spain) is PhD. in sport physiology with a focus on fatigue and recovery. He is member of the Board of Directors of the Strength and Conditioning Society (SCS). He will discuss simple recovery methods to mitigate acute and residual hamstring neuromuscular fatigue. Dr. Pedro E. Alcaraz (Spain) is a Full Professor in Training Methodology at UCAM and current President of the SCS, with research and expertise in strength training in elite athletes. In addition, he is the coordinator of the HSI-Prevent research net in soccer, with more than 40 researchers and professionals around the world focus in the prevention of hamstring strain injuries. Anne Delextrat (UK) is research co-lead for the Trauma, Rehabilitation and Musculoskeletal Health (TRaMH), member of the Board of Directors of the SCS. She will discuss a multifactorial training approach to reduce hamstring strain injury risk in intermittent sprint sports, which takes into consideration objective data profiling neuromuscular performance – including muscle strength, fatigue resistance and performance at specific muscle lengths.
Display IS-MH0602.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: LAUSANNE
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of mortality by cancer in women worldwide. It is estimated that 24% of breast cancer cases are attributable to excess body mass index, especially during menopause. This relationship is mediated by an increase in oestrogen production by adipocytes, inflammation, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle. Women with obesity may experience more treatment-related complications and higher mortality rates. Therefore, obesity impacts breast cancer outcomes across all stages. Exercise is a non-pharmacological strategy to prevent obesity-related breast cancer. Exercise is an important tool during and after breast cancer treatment, decreasing side effects, and reducing breast cancer mortality and recurrence. Therefore, this symposium aims to discuss the benefits of exercise across the breast cancer continuum from a practical and mechanistic perspective. RELEVANCE Given the burden of breast cancer and obesity worldwide, during this symposium, we address how our laboratories use an exercise as medicine approach to deliver interventions from breast cancer prevention to survivorship, exploring metabolic mechanisms in muscle and adipose tissues. TARGET AUDIENCE Seeking to promote research in this field, this presentation is relevant for clinicians and the sports science community to understand the importance of exercise across the breast cancer continuum and the risks associated with obesity.
Display IS-MH0702.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: LAUSANNE
Exercise is an essential component to tackle the increasing burden of chronic disease, and to increase the number of years spent in good health (healthspan). Recent research from our groups showed that exercise adaptations do not only depend on our genetic code, but also on epigenetic changes (i.e., environmental stimuli influencing the expression of genes). Exercise epigenetics is fairly new and fascinating research field, and we currently have limited knowledge on if and how epigenetic signals mediate exercise responses, potentially leading to increased lifespan and healthspan. The most extensively studied epigenetic marker is DNA methylation, but histone modifications and non-coding RNAs are other important modulators of exercise. This research will potentially enable us to develop a set of epigenetic biomarkers to predict the response to exercise training, which is essential for the development and future delivery of targeted exercise programs. In this proposed Symposium the speakers will update on recent research developments in the field of exercise epigenetics & healthy ageing The speakers are leaders in the field with diverse and complementary expertise in the areas of epigenetics & muscle physiology (Eynon, Lamon), and epigenetics & healthy ageing (Sillanpää, Eynon). The proposed symposia is balanced in terms of gender (2 female and 1 male speakers), and the speakers represent a mix of emerging early career (Sillanpää), and mid-career (Eynon, Lamon) scientists.
Display IS-MH0802.09.2022, 11:00 - 12:15, Lecture room: LAUSANNE
The global pandemic of childhood physical inactivity and the corresponding reduction in physical fitness levels have become major health concerns. Apropos this background, for over a decade, developmental research investigating the association of physical activity (PA) and fitness with brain health has become one of the crucial issues in sports and exercise sciences. Recent meta-analyses have shown the beneficial effects of PA interventions on brain outcomes, cognitive and academic performance in children, suggesting that regular PA plays a crucial role in the healthy development of the brain. However, this research field is still considered to be in its infancy. At present, there is insufficient evidence regarding moderators of the association of PA and fitness with cognition, such as aspects of cognition (e.g., executive function, memory, academic achievement), PA characteristics (e.g., frequency, intensity duration, modality), brain outcomes (e.g., gray matter, white matter, functional connectivity), and inter-individual differences (e.g., age, sex, obesity, developmental disorder). This symposium will highlight what is known about the exercise-brain health relationship in healthy children and how beneficial effects can be transferred to clinical populations. Lastly, with three speakers from different countries (Spain, Switzerland, and Japan), this symposium hopes to contribute to facilitating future international collaborations in exercise-brain health research.
Display IS-MH0931.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
A short-term period of rehabilitative muscle disuse (e.g. limb immobilization) is often prescribed following acute musculoskeletal sporting injury to facilitate healing and prevent further injury. Experimental muscle disuse is commonly modelled in the laboratory by subjecting healthy, uninjured individuals to short-term (1 to 14 days) limb immobilization. Various approaches have successfully probed aspects of such ‘uncomplicated’ disuse, reliably showing rapid and substantial muscle loss, accompanied by disproportionately high declines in muscle strength and metabolic function. Uncomplicated muscle disuse atrophy has reliably been shown to be largely explained by declines in myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates. However, in clinical practice muscle disuse commonly results from musculoskeletal injury, muscle damage, inflammation, altered nutritional requirements and/or other ‘complicating’ factors. Individuals are prescribed with various dietary and pharmacological treatments, all of which can independently (or, plausibly, synergistically) affect MyoPS rates. This ‘throws the gates open’ in terms of our understanding of more ‘complicated’ disuse when translating from the lab to more clinical settings. The present session will update on recent laboratory studies aimed at bridging this gap in our understanding to facilitate translation of countermeasures from the lab to clinical practice.
Display IS-PN0131.08.2022, 11:30 - 12:45, Lecture room: LAUSANNE
Athletes engaged in endurance sports or exposed to environmental extremes (i.e. cold and hot conditions) and/or to respiratory irritants (incl. airborne allergens and pollutants) are at increased risk for upper and lower airway dysfunctions. With heatwaves due to become more common occurrences, and with many high-profile competitions taking place in hot – and often polluted – conditions, there is an increasing need in understanding the impact of the environment on the respiratory health of the athlete (whether occasional or regular exerciser). Coaches and support staff should also be cognizant of the various mitigating strategies available to preserve the respiratory health, and optimise performance of their athletes. In this symposium, we will explore how ‘insults’ from extreme temperatures and/or noxious airborne agents can interfere with the normal functioning of the lungs at times of an increased ventilatory demand, i.e. during exercise. We will also present preventative strategies currently available to athletes to limit the risk of acute (e.g. upper respiratory tract infections, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction) and long-term (e.g. asthma) respiratory dysfunctions – one such strategy being the targeting of the gut microbiota via appropriate nutritional strategies.
Display IS-PN0231.08.2022, 11:30 - 12:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
It has been well established that combining exercise with hypoxia causes specific physiological responses and adaptations, not observed in a similar extent when the same exercise is performed in normoxia. During this symposium, the speakers will present various hypoxic-related approaches that would promote exercise performance and health enhancement. On the one hand, the effects of high-intensity intermittent training and repeated sprints in hypoxia on exercise performance and health will be analysed. On the other hand, the influence of hypoxia on the factors involved in the development of hypertrophy will be studied, as well as the effects that resistance training in hypoxia has on bone and cardiovascular health in older people. The hypoxic conditioning is a relevant worldwide topic, which will be presented by renowned and outstanding speakers, providing novel information and practical applications on this hot topic.
Display IS-PN0301.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
For much of the twentieth century, lactate was considered a dead-end metabolite or ‘poison’ causing fatigue. Prof. Brooks was the first to challenge this paradigm and his pioneering research revolutionised thinking. Prof. Brooks will open this symposium with an historical overview of how understanding of lactate has changed dramatically in the last three decades. Lactate not only accumulates in muscle during intense muscle activity, but it can be exchanged between tissues and serves as an important link between energy metabolism in different tissues. Prof. Thomas will summarise recent progress in our understanding of the importance of lactate/proton cotransporters in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and the effects of a single session of exercise and regular exercise training on monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) content. In addition to its role in metabolism, there is emerging evidence that lactate accumulation is associated with the upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. There is also recent evidence in support of lactate as a critical metabolic signal that modifies transcription via changes to histones and chromatin structure. These latest findings continue to challenge the way scientists think about lactate and will be the subject of the final talk by Prof. Bishop. The importance of lactate for both athletic performance and health underlines the importance of a symposium dedicated to a state-of-the-art understanding of the biological effects of la
Display IS-PN0401.09.2022, 11:00 - 12:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
This session has a focus on blood volume and it’s relation to exercise. A special focus will be on gender differences. Carsten Lundby will provide a general introduction to the field and discuss how blood volume may change in different settings and if gender differences are present. David Montero will follow with a presentation on the potential interaction of blood volume, body composition and cardiovascular adaptations to exercise training with a special emphasis on gender differences. Raphaël Faiss will close the session with a presentation on blood volume physiology in an anti-doping context and with emphasis on gender differences.
Display IS-PN0501.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:30, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Physical exercise increases the cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Originally, ROS were considered as detrimental and thus as a likely cause of cell damage associated with exhaustion. In the last decade, evidence showing that ROS act as signals mediating different muscle adaptation in exercise has been gathered and thus the idea that antioxidant supplementation in exercise is always recommendable has proved incorrect. During this symposium we will discuss state-of-the-art contributions in the field of redox biology. The importance of the oxidants, antioxidants and the balance between them in the exercise-induced adaptations. Dr. Larsen will delve into the signaling pathways involved in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. He will show that transient increase in H2O2 emission is exercise intensity dependent and he will relate it with the concept of hormesis. Dra. Lanner will show that increased ROS/RNS production have both beneficial and detrimental effects on skeletal muscle function and the outcome depends on a combination of factors, including the type of ROS/RNS, the magnitude, duration, and location of ROS/RNS production, as well as the defence systems including both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants. Dra. Gomez-Cabrera will discuss the role of ROS in exercise-induced muscle damage and show recent data on a new myofiber self-repair mechanism that is independent of satellite cells in exercised mice and humans.
Display IS-PN0601.09.2022, 15:00 - 16:30, Lecture room: ATHENS
Historically, exercise physiologists have been able to study only small numbers of metabolites in response to different nutrition, exercise or lack thereof. Whilst targeted sampling of metabolites undoubtedly allowed for the characterisation of many important pathways, it has not provided a comprehensive, unbiased approach to detect all exercise induced changes in all metabolic pathways. It is suggested that there are more than 110,000 different metabolites in the human body and more than 46,000 associated metabolic or metabolite signalling pathways. Therefore, it is clear that the historical approach to sampling a handful of targeted metabolites provides only a snapshot of the metabolic signature in the human body at any one time. Sport and exercise science and medicine is perhaps the most eloquent example of how the metabolome responds to external stimuli and therefore the field of exercise metabolomics holds considerable promise in pushing the boundaries of our understanding in human metabolism. This symposium is targeted to anyone in the field of sport and exercise science and medicine, including applied scientists and basic research scientists. The topics presented include examples of metabolomics used in applied sport science in the field and in the laboratory. The purpose is to provide a holistic introduction to the field of exercise metabolomics for all who would like to learn what this approach is and how it can be applied to different research questions.
Display IS-PN0702.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
The main function of skeletal muscle is to produce force for purposeful movement, and muscle structural arrangement highly influences force generation. The relation between muscle structure and function has been a matter of interest of anatomists and physiologists since the Renaissance, and most of our understanding of muscle function is bound to the current knowledge of muscle highly patterned nature. Muscle is a plastic tissue, and not just during development/growth or ageing, but it also adapts very rapidly (days/weeks) to loading, unloading, and pathological states. Surprisingly, it is still not completely clear how it adapts to the forces that it produces and experiences. The present symposium will aim to clarify the knowns and unknowns of sarcomerogenesis and muscle longitudinal growth, investigating the relation between muscle structural remodelling to use and disuse and its mechanical function in young and older volunteers, and in pathological conditions such as chronic hemiparetic stroke. The symposium will highlight the need for obtaining new multi-scale measures of muscle architecture, describing the potential of novel pioneering microendoscopy that allows the imaging of sarcomeres in-vivo. This topic is of broad interest across physiologists, researchers in biomechanics and sports medicine, sport scientists and coaches, as these new findings may help to decipher the mysteries of sarcomerogenesis and the functional significance of longitudinal muscle growth.
Display IS-PN0802.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
The aim of this symposium is to highlight recent achievements within research in glycogen metabolism in skeletal muscle with special relevance for elite athletes and recreationally active men and women. Glycogen, a branched polymer of glucose, is an energy reserve for ATP production found in most species in the animal kingdom. By the re-introduction of the needle biopsy technique in the 1960s, a string of studies demonstrated an ability of skeletal muscles to store above-normal levels (super-compensation) of glycogen during recovery after glycogen-depleting muscle work and a strong correlation between glycogen levels and exercise performance. This was quickly translated to elite sports, where athletes started to focus on carbohydrate intake before and during endurance competitions. In recent years, the proposed invited speakers and others have refined these fundamentals within exercise physiology by showing that the specific subcellular localization of glycogen is more important than the overall content itself, how the inhibiting effect of high glycogen content on enzymes responsible for glycogen synthesis can be overcome to super-compensate the glycogen stores, how glycogen interact with the glucose transporters of the surface membrane, and how the muscles adapt at a molecular level to exercise performed with low or high content of glycogen or while consuming no or high amounts of carbohydrates during the exercise.
Display IS-PN0901.09.2022, 16:30 - 17:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
Display IS-PN1031.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: VIENNA
Creative behaviour is a higher-order disposition, which multidimensionality can be executed in various situations. The demand for creativity in education and sports deserves a greater consideration. As Einstein said, “Creativity is intelligence having fun”: in this symposium we will move through the person, process, and product, approaching creative education and sports, motor creativity and physical artistic expression, and free play and alternative sports. Training strategies based on creativity framework can enrich the functional variability of athletes. In both educational setting and youth sports academy the support of developmental creative stages represents an intriguing framework. More broadly, empowering creativity is an essential purpose to nurture future athletes and citizens, as it improves the psychological and physical repertoire of humans. Creativity requires originality and suitability for a purpose. The purpose of this symposium is to provide an interdisciplinary criticism for approaching the complex world of play, sports and creativity. Our original approach will encompass motor creativity, sports creativity, methods for evaluating and fostering creativity, individual and team performance, interpersonal synergies, freedom and constraints, enriched environment, and relationships with context and society.
Display IS-SH0101.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: VIENNA
If different social, ethnical and cultural backgrounds are not tackled in a political and pedagogical adequate way, they might lead to patterns of discrimination and hierarchisation that are represented in social inequalities in the context of sports, physical activity and health. Suggesting that social environments affect the individual and that the individual permanently co-develops within societal milieus (like families), we can state a ‘transmission of differential advantages’ (Lareau, 2003) in children and youth growing up in different societal milieus. Thus, this invited session would like to present empirical findings about social inequalities patterns in the context of sports, physical activity and health in children and youth, growing up in socially underprivileged environments in different countries. Symeon Dagkas (UK) will present results about young Black Asian and Minority Ethnic people, and will show how their societal backgrounds facilitate or hinder their access to physical activity. Elke Grimminger-Seidensticker (Germany) will discuss the challenges of health and physical education programs and their individualistic messages with regard to children growing up in underprivileged environments in Germany, France, and Switzerland. Finally, Marc Cloes (Belgium) will introduce a new sport pedagogical approach in physical education that respects the young people´s different societal backgrounds, and probably negative experiences with sports and physical activity.
Display IS-SH0202.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: VIENNA
High athletic performances seem almost supernatural to public and high-performance athletes have been considered practically super humans in the past. However, recent episodes in sport made us aware of elite athletes’ limits, needs and vulnerability. In the last year, athletic referential figures have bravely decided to make their mental health issues public, explicitly stating their need for psychological and clinical support to adequately deal with stressors from their demanding way of living. International associations such as FEPSAC (2018), ISSP (2017) or AMSSM (2020) have recently published position statements on athletes’ mental health recommending a healthier and more humane sport at all competition levels and suggesting the need for preventive policies from all sport organizations. Trying to respond to this demand, the FEPSAC invited symposium presents results from three international projects from referential research groups in the field of sport psychology assessing potential sources of stress faced by high performance athletes in different career stages. The communications gather evidence from youth sport in student-athletes trying to combine high competitive demands with an academic career, coping with an unexpected disruption of the Olympic cycle in the preparation to Tokyo 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic or foreseeing potential physical and mental changes during the process of athletic retirement. General recommendations for sport scientists will be presented.
Display IS-SH0301.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:30, Lecture room: ANTALYA
Display OP-AP0731.08.2022, 17:00 - 18:15, Lecture room: VIENNA
Display OP-AP3001.09.2022, 15:00 - 16:30, Lecture room: BRUGES
Display OP-AP3101.09.2022, 11:00 - 12:15, Lecture room: BARCELONA
Display OP-BM1831.08.2022, 11:30 - 12:45, Lecture room: ESTORIL
Display OP-GSSI31.08.2022, 17:00 - 18:15, Lecture room: ESTORIL
Display OP-MH0501.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: ESTORIL
Display OP-MH0631.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: MALMÖ
Display OP-MH0901.09.2022, 15:00 - 16:30, Lecture room: OSLO
Display OP-MH1531.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: ESTORIL
Display OP-PN0331.08.2022, 13:45 - 15:00, Lecture room: BRUGES
Display OP-PN1531.08.2022, 17:00 - 18:15, Lecture room: BARCELONA
Display OP-PN1601.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: BRUGES
Display OP-PN1731.08.2022, 10:00 - 11:15, Lecture room: LIVERPOOL
Display OP-PN3001.09.2022, 16:30 - 17:45, Lecture room: ANTALYA
Display OP-SH0202.09.2022, 09:30 - 10:45, Lecture room: MALMÖ
Display OP-SH1102.09.2022, 08:00 - 09:15, Lecture room: MALMÖ
Display OP-SH1831.08.2022, 18:15 - 19:15, Lecture room: LAUSANNE
Display CP-BM0131.08.2022, 18:15 - 19:15, Lecture room: LIVERPOOL
Display CP-BM0202.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:15, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Display CP-BM0701.09.2022, 17:45 - 18:45, Lecture room: ATHENS
Display CP-MH0102.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
Display CP-MH0231.08.2022, 18:15 - 19:15, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Display CP-MH0302.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:15, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Display CP-MH0531.08.2022, 18:15 - 19:15, Lecture room: LAUSANNE
Display CP-MH1431.08.2022, 18:15 - 19:15, Lecture room: ATHENS
Display CP-PN0102.09.2022, 13:15 - 14:15, Lecture room: OSLO
Display CP-PN0401.09.2022, 17:45 - 18:45, Lecture room: MALMÖ
Display CP-PN0901.09.2022, 17:45 - 18:45, Lecture room: SALZBURG
Display CP-SH0201.09.2022, 15:00 - 16:30, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Physical activity during pregnancy is not only important for maternal health but equally important for fetal and offspring’s health. Consequently, the recent version of the World health organization guideline for physical activity and sedentary behaviour recommends physical activity for pregnant women. There are, however, cultural differences in maternal behaviour. Dr. Matsushita will provide an epidemiological overview of the health consequences of maternal obesity and physical activity in Asia and Japan and will discuss the potential differences between Asia and Europe. Moreover, maternal obesity is recognized as risk factor for the development of metabolic dysfunction in the offspring, suggesting transmission of maternal obesity to subsequent generations. Multiple studies have demonstrated that regular physical activity of pregnant mothers have beneficial effects on both mothers’ and children’s health even after they age. The underlying mechanism, however, is poorly understood. Dr. Kusuyama will introduce the benefits of maternal exercise on the metabolic function of adult offspring using an animal model. He will introduce his recent findings regarding the roles of the placenta in mediating the effects of maternal exercise on offspring metabolic health. Given the worldwide epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes, regular exercise during the reproductive years might limit the vicious cycles in which increased metabolic risk propagates across generations.
Display IS-EX0101.09.2022, 16:30 - 17:45, Lecture room: BELGRADE
Physical exercise creates a need for energy. Although blood glucose regulation during exercise is well belanced, the speakers in this symposium wil highlight new insights on blood glucose homeostasis.
Display IS-EX02