ECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH24
INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization has observed a rising trend in obesity rates across Europe, raising significant concerns[1]. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has effectively improved body composition and metabolic health in adults[2]. This study aims to observe the effects of different HIIT training protocols over a 12-week period on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and blood parameters in obese college students. METHODS: A total of 63 obese college students with a BMI of 25.6 ± 1.7 were recruited. They were randomly assigned to three groups using SPSS: Treadmill HIIT group (HIIT-T n=21): Each interval consisted of 30 seconds of fast running (10-13 km/h) followed by 30 seconds of recovery walking (4 km/h),total 8 times. The wholebody HIIT group (HIIT-W n=21) performed bodyweight resistance training:8 exercises to boost cardio and strength, rest 30 seconds between exercises. Both groups will play 3 sets, with a 3 minute break between sets. All training was monitored via heart rate monitors (Polar Team Pro, Finland), maintaining intensity within 75–80% HRmax (220 minus age). Due to physiological adaptation to prolonged training, both HIIT groups increased intensity (>80% HRmax) starting in week 6. The control group (CG, n=21) maintained their original study and living habits during the experiment but did not engage in any additional exercise training. Intervention effectiveness analysis employed paired t-tests for comparisons, while intergroup differences in each indicator were assessed using one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: Both exercise regimens significantly improved body composition (weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and body fat mass, P<0.05). Only the treadmill group showed a significant reduction in visceral fat area by 7.32 cm² (P<0.01). After 12 weeks, the HIIT-T and HIIT-W programs improved subjects' 20-meter repeated sprint test performance by 5.82 laps and 4.67 laps, respectively.Maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max) increased by 1.91 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ and 1.74 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ (P<0.01) . Grip strength increased by 1.53 kg and 2.98 kg, respectively (P<0.01). Intergroup comparisons revealed that HIIT-T produced superior improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, while the HIIT-W demonstrated greater grip strength gains than the HIIT-T (P<0.05). Furthermore, analysis of five blood markers (TG; TC; HDL-C; LDL-C; GLU) revealed that only GLU showed a highly significant improvement in the HIIT-T (p<0.01). The HIIT-W exhibited a substantial reduction in TG by approximately 27.6% (P<0.05) and a decrease in LDL by 0.3 mmol/L. In comparison, the HIIT-W demonstrated superior improvement in lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION: HIIT boosts fitness in obese young adults. HIIT-T cuts visceral fat, but HIIT-W excels by enhancing muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, adaptability to diverse settings, and lower barriers. Thus, HIIT-W is a more efficient, sustainable regimen ideal for youth lifestyles. 1.Elisabeth M,(2022) 2.Newsome et al. (2024)
Read CV Yiwendan ZHUECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH24
INTRODUCTION: Skeletal muscle function of postmenopausal women can be categorized into distinct subdomains. For example, Daily life physical function (DLPF) reflects functional independence and the ability to perform daily activities; Maximal strength (MS) represents the force reserve to meet peak mechanical demands such as lifting and protective reactions. Strength endurance (SE) indicates the ability to maintain force output such as holding, stair climbing and repeated lifting. However, among postmenopausal women, it remains unclear which exercise modality optimally improves DLPF, MS or SE, and how the exercise-induced benefits are modulated by intervention characteristics (e.g., weekly training volume and intervention duration), participant characteristics (e.g., age, years since menopause, and baseline body mass), and study-level factors (e.g., funding sources) in specific subdomains. Therefore, in this study, a systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis was conducted to address this gap of knowledge. METHODS: Eligible studies were identified in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials investigating exercise interventions in postmenopausal women were included if they reported outcomes of skeletal muscle function. Different outcome assessment tools within each subdomain were harmonized using an internal reference standard. Bayesian network meta-analysis estimated pooled effect sizes and evaluated prespecified moderators. A tensor-product smoother captured nonlinear interaction between weekly training volume and intervention duration. Risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane RoB2 tool, and evidence certainty was evaluated by CINeMA. RESULTS: A total of 180 studies (434 arms; 9546 participants) were included. It turned out that DLPF improvement seems to be maximized by multimodal exercise. The improvement of MS and SE seems to be optimized by specific resistance training. Besides age and years since menopause, exercise benefits are also modulated by baseline body mass and funding source disclosure. Weekly exercise volume is positively associated with MS gain when intervention duration is short; similarly, longer duration appears more beneficial when weekly volume is lower. The simultaneous increases of them, however, attenuate the MS gain. No such antagonistic interaction was observed in the other two subdomains; instead, higher weekly volume associates with greater improvements, whereas longer duration leads to attenuated effects. CONCLUSION: Exercise effectively improves muscular function in postmenopausal women; however, different training designs have distinct effects on the defined subdomains of skeletal muscle function. The relationship between weekly exercise volume and intervention duration clearly differed across subdomains. Our findings also indicate that, in addition to the known moderating roles of age and years since menopause, exercise outcomes can be also shaped by baseline participant characteristics and study-level variables.
Read CV SIYU CHENECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH24
INTRODUCTION: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common metabolic disorder. Adults with MASLD are advised to engage in 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise weekly, but the optimal distribution of this activity is not well established. It is unclear whether a "weekend warrior" approach yields benefits comparable to a thrice-weekly exercise routine. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), assessed by maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max), is essential for metabolic health. Individuals with obesity and MASLD often display lower CRF levels, which raises risks for various health issues, including insulin resistance, unfavourable cardiometabolic profiles, and increased liver-related and cardiovascular complications. This study examines the effects of 4-month, duration-matched once-weekly and thrice-weekly exercise on VO₂ max in adults with central obesity and MASLD, aiming to determine if different exercise frequencies yield similar CRF improvements to optimize fitness recommendations for this clinical population. METHODS: This single-center, assessor-blinded, three-arm parallel-group RCT conducted in Hong Kong enrolled 300 adults with MASLD (aged 18–69 years; BMI ≥23 kg/m²; waist circumference ≥90 cm [males], ≥80 cm [females]; intrahepatic triglycerides >5%). Participants were randomized to control, once-weekly exercise, or thrice-weekly exercise arms. Exercise groups completed supervised treadmill training delivering 75 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity exercise (6–7 METs) per WHO guidelines, distributed as either one 75-minute session (once-weekly) or three 25-minute sessions (thrice-weekly). Controls attended biweekly 150-minute health education sessions. VO₂ max was measured via cardiopulmonary exercise testing at baseline and 4 months. Group by time interactions were analysed using GEE models adjusted for baseline VO₂ max, with results reported as adjusted means (SE), between-group differences, and 95% Cis. RESULTS: GEE analysis revealed a significant group by time interaction for VO₂ max (p=0.012). At 4 months, thrice-weekly exercise exceeded control by 1.81 ml/kg/min (95% CI -2.73 to -0.89, p=0.001) and once-weekly exercise exceeded control by 1.34 ml/kg/min (95% CI -2.29 to -0.40, p=0.005). Thrice-weekly and once-weekly groups did not differ significantly (0.27 ml/kg/min difference, 95% CI -1.46 to 0.53 to 1.23, p=0.360). CONCLUSION: Both exercise patterns significantly improved VO₂ max versus control, with thrice-weekly showing a modest advantage over once-weekly. These findings provide evidence that exercise frequency influences improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, supporting refined physical activity prescriptions to optimize metabolic health outcomes in MASLD management.
Read CV Teryn C.W. NgECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH24