ECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH12
INTRODUCTION: Exercise has beneficial effects on physiological and psychological health and wellbeing [2]. However, current neurophysiological literature indicates that depressed individuals require additional motivational support to undertake exercise training [2]. The aim of this study was to therefore investigate pre post effects of exercise training combined with autonomy support on fitness, depression symptoms, and motivation in individuals with depression. METHODS: Sixteen participants (24.7 ± 5.6 years) with self-reported depression symptoms (scoring > 5 on the Patent Health Questonnaire-9), were recruited to perform 17 sessions of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) across six-weeks. Each session involved nine 20-second high-intensity sprints with 40-seconds of recovery. Exercise bouts were undertaken at Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) levels of 20, 18, and 16 (three each). Motivation was supported by giving participants the choice (autonomy) over the order of the intervals in which each intensity occurred across the nine bouts of each session. Changes in depression symptoms, motivation, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were measure pre- and post-intervention via validated questionnaires. RESULTS: Comparing pre- to post-intervention outcomes, there was a significant decrease in depression symptoms (p < .01), improvement in autonomy (p < .001), and increase in CRF (p < .05). Exercise session-wise data (i.e., cycling intensity, crank entropy, HIIT self-efficacy) also significantly improved over the 17 sessions. CONCLUSION: A six-week HIIT program combined with autonomy support was effective in decreasing depression symptoms, increasing fitness, and promoting motivation to exercise. Empirically grounded psychological frameworks (e.g., [3]) that can improve long term effects of exercise intervention (i.e., learning, autonomy, self-efficacy) should be integrated into professional guidelines for best practice in meeting the needs of adults with depression during proscribed exercise intervention. Further research should test broader biopsychosocial frameworks to understand how time-course changes in the neurobiological environment of individuals with depression might interact with psychological intervention. [1] Cooney, G. M., Dwan, K., Greig, C. A., Lawlor, D. A., Rimer, J., Waugh, F. R., McMurdo, M., & Mead, G. E. (2013). Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2013(9). [2] Gotlib, I. H., & Joormann, J. (2010). Cognition and depression: current status and future directions. Annual review of clinical psychology, 6(1), 285-312. [3] Wulf, G., & Lewthwaite, R. (2016). Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 23(5), 1382-1414.
Read CV Dominic OrthECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH12
INTRODUCTION: Mental disorders are a major public health challenge in China and worldwide, and identifying modifiable health behaviors factors is important [1]. This study aimed to examine the dose-response associations between physical activity and various symptoms of mental disorders, and explore whether physical activity could mitigate the adverse effects of unhealthy behaviors. METHODS: We used data from Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents in 2023, a cross-sectional survey based on a representative national sample of Chinese adults. We used self-reported variables of physical activity, risk behaviors including smoking, drinking and short/long sleep duration, and outcomes including depression, anxiety, and stress measured by standardized rating scales. We applied restricted cubit spline and piecewise logistic regression to examine the dose-response associations. The mitigation effect of physical activity was calculated by dividing the coefficients of risk behaviors by that of physical activity, respectively, when both of physical activity and the risk behavior were significantly associated with mental health outcomes. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 30,054 adults (43.0±16.6 years, 50.1% female), of whom 51.4%, 41.8% and 52.7% reported depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, respectively. The median score of physical activity was 3.2 METs-hour per day (interquartile range: 1.5-6.0 METs-hour per day), and mean score was 4.9±5.8 METs-hour per day. More physical activity were found in smokers (p<0.001), drinkers (p<0.001) and people with longer sleep duration (p<0.001). Physical activity had reverse J-shaped associations with depression, anxiety, stress symptoms (p for nonlinear <0.001), and was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of depression (OR 0.81, 95%CI 0.77-0.86, p<0.001), anxiety (OR 0.78, 95%CI 0.74-0.82, p<0.001), and stress (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.87-0.92, p<0.001), below a cutoff point at 2.15, 2.15, and 3.25 METs-hour per day, respectively. Physical activity of 1-3 METs-hour per day could mitigate the negative effects of smoking or drinking on depression. Physical activity of 4-6 METs-hour per day could mitigate the negative effects of short or long sleep duration on depression, anxiety, and stress. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that physical activity has a positive impact on mental health, but the benefits diminish with more physical activity beyond the threshold at moderate level. Moreover, physical activity can partially mitigate the negative consequences of some risk behaviors on mental health. To promote physical activity among people with healthy and unhealthy habits, public health interventions should be tailored and targeted accordingly. Reference [1] Collaborators GMD. Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories,1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Psychiatry 2022;9(2):137-50.
Read CV Huixuan ZhouECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH12
INTRODUCTION: Verbal memory is a crucial neuropsychological function involved in core cognitive abilities such as general intelligence, reasoning, and learning. Verbal memory is associated with subjective well-being, mental health, as well as academic and career achievement (Ludyga, Gerber, Pühse, Looser, & Kamijo, 2020). While experimental studies have reported evidence on the association between physical activity and verbal memory, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. The Individual Alpha Peak Frequency (IAPF) operates as a neurophysiological marker for general cognitive function and appears to be sensitive to physical activity (Gutmann, Hülsdünker, Mierau, Strüder, & Mierau, 2018). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between physical activity and verbal memory, as well as the potential mediating role of IAPF on this association in young adults. METHODS: In young healthy adults (N = 115, 48% female) aged 18 to 35 years (M = 24.1, SD = 3.8), IAPF was detected from electroencephalographic recordings during resting-state. Afterwards, participant performed immediate and delayed recall tasks with a distractor task in between. Their physical activity levels were examined from accelerometer data collected over seven consecutive days. RESULTS: Path analysis revealed no mediating effect of IAPF on the association of physical activity and recall performance. However, sex moderated the direct associations: While higher vigorous physical activity levels were associated with better recall performance in female participants, no association between these variables was found in male counterparts. Higher levels of physical activity however, were related to a higher IAPF exclusively in male participants. CONCLUSION: The study did not support a mediating role of IAPF on the association between physical activity and verbal memory, but a moderating effect of sex on the association of physical activity and verbal memory. This highlights the need to pay attention to inter-individual differences, when examining underlying mechanisms of the relation between physical activity and verbal memory. REFERENCES: Gutmann, B., Hülsdünker, T., Mierau, J., Strüder, H. K., & Mierau, A. (2018). Exercise-induced changes in EEG alpha power depend on frequency band definition mode. Neuroscience Letters, 662, 271-275. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2017.10.033 Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Pühse, U., Looser, V. N., & Kamijo, K. (2020). Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating moderators of long-term effects of exercise on cognition in healthy individuals. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(6), 603-612. doi:10.1038/s41562-020-0851-8
Read CV Vera Nina LooserECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH12