ECSS Paris 2023: CP-PN16
INTRODUCTION: Beta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate (HMB) is supposed to facilitate protein synthesis and thus support nutritional status, physical capacity and exercise performance. Still data on the effects of HMB ingestion combined with high-intensity functional training (HIFT) stimuli on aerobic capacity and fitness are scarce and inconclusive, especially in healthy untrained individuals. We hypothesized that 3-wk HMB supplementation (90 mgHMB/kg Fat-free mass[FFM]) will result in the improvement in aerobic capacity and selected blood biomarkers, and the magnitude of these changes will be amplified by HIFT stimuli. METHODS: The randomized triple-blind placebo(PLA)-controlled parallel study was conducted in 32 untrained males, allocated into the HMB (n=16; 32±7 years, 66.3±9.2 kg FFM) or the PLA (n=16; 34±8 years, 69.5±11.8 kg FFM) group. The study protocol included two 3-wk periods: 1) supplementation (SUP) with HMB/PLA and 2) SUP+EX – ingestion of HMB/PLA and implementing two HIFT units/wk. Testing visits were performed at baseline (TBAS), after the SUP (TSUP), and the SUP+EX (TSUP+EX) periods. The incremental cycling test (ICT) was performed. Oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide exhalation and heart rate (HR) were recorded. The following indices were evaluated: time to exhaustion, maximal VO2, maximal power (PMAX), and maximal HR, as well as times to anaerobic threshold (TAT), respiratory compensation point (TRCP), and corresponding AT/RCP values: VO2AT/RCP, PAT/RCP, HRAT/RCP. Blood samples were taken at rest and after the ICT for evaluation of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity, and cortisol and free/total testosterone concentrations (only at REST). Mixed model of RM ANOVA was applied – the interaction of time (TBAS, TSUP, TSUP+EX) x treatment (HMB/PLA) was analyzed. RESULTS: There were significant time x treatment interactions for TAT (p=0.037), PAT (in W; (p=0.037), TRCP (p<0.001), and PRCP (in W: p<0.001 and in W/kg: p=0.006). In the HMB group TAT and PAT were higher at TSUP+EX vs. TBAS (TAT: p<0.001; PAT: p<0.001) and TSUP (TAT: p=0.041; PAT: p=0.032), still no differences within the PLA group were observed. In the HMB group TRCP and absolute PRCP (in W) were higher at TSUP vs. TBAS (TRCP: p=0.022; PRCP: p=0.025); TSUP+EX vs. TSUP (TRCP: p=0.002; PRCP: p=0.005); and TSUP+EX vs. TBAS (TRCP: p<0.001; PRCP: p<0.001), still no differences within the PLA group were observed. In the HMB group relative PRCP (in W/kg) was higher at TSUP+EX vs. TBAS (p<0.001), still no differences within the PLA group were observed. There were no significant time x treatment interactions for any of the evaluated blood variables. CONCLUSION: HMB ingestion effectively supports aerobic fitness and capacity in untrained males, and the degree of changes seem to be strengthen after introducing HIFT stimuli. AT and RCP indices tend to improve more readily. The implemented treatment had no effect on hormones or muscle damage/fatigue indices.
Read CV Małgorzata Marchelek-MyśliwiecECSS Paris 2023: CP-PN16
INTRODUCTION: Dietary protein is essential for supporting growth, metabolic function, and overall health. After ingestion, protein is digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract before its constituent amino acids (AA) enter systemic circulation for uptake by peripheral tissues (e.g., skeletal muscle). Biotics, (i.e., prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics, and microbial enzymes), are microbe based interventions that confer a health benefit on a host. Emerging evidence suggests that biotics may enhance protein digestion and increase circulating AA concentrations. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies evaluating the effects of biotics and protein co-ingestion on blood AA outcomes in humans. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251046023). A systematic search was conducted in 4 databases: Medline, Embase, SportDiscus, and Web of Science. Studies involving biotics and protein co-ingestion in humans were included. Primary outcomes were blood AA concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters: area under the curve (AUC), maximum concentration (Cmax), and time to maximum concentration (Tmax). Risk of bias and overall quality of evidence were assessed using the Cochrane Rob-2 and the GRADE tool, respectively. RESULTS: 18 studies met the inclusion criteria: 6 on microbial proteases (n=153), 11 on probiotics (n=411), and 1 on postbiotics (n=16). 16 studies included young adults (18–36 y), 2 included older adults (40–75 y), and 5 incorporated resistance exercise. 4 studies on microbial protease reported increased early postprandial AUC (within 2 h) for total (TAA), essential (EAA), and branched-chain AA (BCAA) following plant or animal protein co-ingestion. 4 studies reported no difference in blood AA Cmax, whereas 2 studies reported higher Cmax for TAA and select individual AA with animal protein. 1 study reported faster Tmax for leucine in an animal-based mixed meal. All 11 probiotic studies used long-term supplementation (14-84 d) protocols. 2 probiotic studies evaluated blood AA concentrations in the post-absorptive state and reported higher basal concentrations for BCAA, EAA, TAA with animal protein. 9 probiotic studies assessed postprandial AA concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters. Of these, 6 studies reported higher blood AUC and Cmax for EAA, BCAA, and TAA with plant or animal protein, while 3 studies found no difference on blood AA concentrations or pharmacokinetic parameters. The postbiotic study reported a higher percent increase from baseline for TAA and select individual AA and a slower Tmax for TAA. CONCLUSION: Overall, co-ingestion of microbial enzymes, probiotics, and postbiotics with dietary protein can enhance postprandial blood AA concentrations and select AA pharmacokinetic parameters. These findings support the notion that application of select oral biotics may represent a nutritional strategy to enhance dietary protein digestion in humans.
Read CV Alyasamin AlhamwiECSS Paris 2023: CP-PN16