ECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH26
INTRODUCTION: The development of lean and fat mass during childhood and adolescence plays a crucial role in lifelong musculoskeletal health. Lean mass contributes to bone loading and remodelling, while fat mass affects hormonal and inflammatory pathways that can influence bone density. However, the specific effects of various lean mass trajectories on bone health remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the trajectories of lean mass development in children and adolescents and their effects on bone health in young adulthood. Utilising the appendicular lean body mass index (aLBMI) and the ratio of aLBM to trunk fat mass (aLBM/TrFM), the objective was to identify risk profiles for sarcopenia during growth, with bone mineral density (BMD) in adulthood measured for the whole body less head (WBLH), femoral neck, and trochanter; additionally, the BMD ratio of arms to legs and body height were included as outcomes. METHODS: The sample consisted of 323 participants (both sexes) aged 8 to 23 years from the Iowa Bone Development Study (IBDS), assessed at ages 8, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 23. Lean mass indices (aLBMI, aLBM/trFBM) and bone mineral densities (BMDs) were measured using whole-body and proximal femur DXA scans. Z-scores for lean mass indices were calculated based on published values (aLBMI) or derived data (aLBM/trunkFBM). Participants who consistently followed the same trajectory throughout the follow-up were included in the analysis (116 for aLBMI and 67 for aLBM/TrunkFBM trajectories) and were categorised into sarcopenia risk (Z score ≤ -1), average (Z score between -1 and 1), and robustness (Z score > 1) trajectories. RESULTS: Compared to the average trajectory, linear regression analyses adjusted for sex and height indicated that the aLBMI risk trajectory was associated with decreased BMD: 9% in the WBLH (p=0.001), 12% in the femoral neck (p=0.001), and 12% in the trochanter (p=0.002). Conversely, the robustness trajectory was linked to increased BMD: 4% in WBLH (p ≤ 0.001), 7% in the femoral neck (p ≤ 0.001), and 6% in the trochanter (p=0.002). For aLBM/TrFM, the robustness trajectory showed a 9% increase in WBLH BMD (p=0.031). No other differences were observed. CONCLUSION: A low aLBMI trajectory is a significant risk factor for bone mineralisation in the whole body and femoral regions. Conversely, a low lean mass to fat mass ratio appears to have no risk to bone health. These findings underscore the importance of early identification and monitoring of lean mass trajectories to support optimal bone health during growth.
Read CV Fátima BaptistaECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH26
INTRODUCTION: To analyze the prevalence trends and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Macau from 2005 to 2020, and to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention strategies. METHODS: Based on the physical fitness monitoring database of Macau residents, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 21,031 children and adolescents aged 6 to 22 years old. Through frequency analysis, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression, the changing trends of the detection rates of overweight and obesity and their influencing factors were explored. RESULTS: From 2005 to 2020, the total detection rate of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Macau increased from 17.2% to 26.9% (χ²=182.3, p<0.001). The growth rate of males was significantly higher than that of females, and females showed a downward inflection point for the first time in 2020. The age distribution showed that the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were higher in the groups aged 6 to 11 years and 18 to 22 years, while it showed a downward trend in the group aged 12 to 18 years. Multiple regression analysis showed that poor performance in physical education classes (OR = 2.337 - 2.390), and parental obesity (father: (OR = 2.070), mother: (OR = 1.771)) were risk factors for overweight and obesity; doing warm-up exercises before sports (OR = 0.373), participating in non-sports interest classes (OR = 0.459) and moderate physical exercise (OR = 0.524 - 0.597) were protective factors. In addition, using electronic products for ≥ 4 hours on weekends (p = 0.003) and not participating in interest classes (p = 0.016) were significantly associated with an increased risk of obesity. CONCLUSION: These findings highlight that adolescence is a crucial transitional period for weight management intervention. Gender-specific prevention strategies should prioritize the male population while maintaining the positive trend among the female population. Family-school collaborative interventions targeting the reduction of screen time, cultivation of an active lifestyle, and parental health models show particular promise. Policy recommendations suggest integrating a mandatory physical activity monitoring system and establishing community-based family health programs to counteract the environmental factors contributing to obesity.
Read CV Jiaxin ChenECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH26
INTRODUCTION: Background: Sedentary behaviour is linked to negative health outcomes, including unfavourable body composition and chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes, and obesity. A large proportion of French children do not meet WHO activity guidelines (66% of 11-17 and 37% of 6-10 year-olds). Therefore, interventions reducing sedentary time (ST) in children are a major public health priority. This study evaluates the CIPRES multi-level intervention, grounded in socio-ecological and trans-contextual models, using a cluster-randomised controlled trial. METHODS: Methods: This study involved 1042 children in Years 4 and 5 (aged 8-10) from 13 primary schools across four French municipalities randomly assigned to the CIPRES or Control group. The intervention lasted for 6 weeks and consisted of activities grounded in the trans-contextual model. The activities were designed for children and implemented by teachers, educators and parents. The primary outcome was ST, assessed by GT3X+ accelerometers, across weekly (7:00 am-10:00 pm), school days (4:30-10:00 pm), and non-school days (7:00 am-10:00 pm) periods. Secondary outcomes included moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), Quality of Life, and body mass index. Data were collected at baseline and 6 weeks follow-up. RESULTS: Results: For the entire week (7:00 am-10:00 pm), significant group-by-time interactions were evident for both ST (p=0.029) and MVPA percentage (p=0.015). For weekly ST, no significant change was observed in the CIPRES group compared to a significant increase in the control group (0.1 Pp, p=0.820 and 1.4 Pp, p=0.001, respectively). Weekly MVPA showed a trend towards increase in the CIPRES group and a trend towards decrease in the control group (0.4 Pp, p=0.099 and -0.4 Pp, p=0.073, respectively). During school days (4:30-10:00 pm), a significant group-by-time interaction was found for both ST (p=0.005) and MVPA percentage (p=0.004). The CIPRES group demonstrated a significant reduction in ST (-1.5 percentage points [Pp], p=0.026) and a significant increase in MVPA (0.8 Pp, p=0.025), whereas the control group showed a trend towards increased ST (1.2 Pp, p=0.078) and decreased MVPA (-0.7 Pp, p=0.058). However, during non-school days, no significant group-by-time interactions were found. In addition, body mass index or quality of life were not significantly changed. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: CIPRES intervention effectively reduced ST and increased MVPA during school days (4:30-10:00 pm), with these benefits extending across the entire week (7:00 am-10:00 pm). Significant changes, however, were not observed on non-school days. CIPRES intervention, anchored on both the trans-contextual and the socio-ecological model, therefore offers a novel framework for future school-based interventions to promote more active and less sedentary behaviour in primary school children.
Read CV Steven LaujacECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH26