ECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH22
INTRODUCTION Recently, short-video apps, such as TikTok, shows great potential in disseminating sports health information (Lopez & Bautista, 2022; Sidorenko, Casa & Cantero, 2020), especially in one of the most professional area, sport medicine and physical therapy. This information can be used(and produced) both by professionals and non-professionals(Eghtesadi & Florea, 2020). In such an environment, exploring the dissemination principles and strategies of these contents is necessary. This study starts from the Gain-Loss Framing of health communication (Yang, 2020), uses Gamson(1981)s Interpretative Package theory, and focuses on principles/consequences such as evidence-based practice(Sackett, 1996) and shared decision-making(Vogel, 2021) in the video contents produced by professional communicators, and explores the effective strategies of short video operation. METHODS Content analysis is adopted in this study. Through four sets of keywords, a pool of accounts of sports medicine and physical therapy professional communicators was first established from Douyin(Chinese TikTok). After comprehensively considering factors such as the number of fans and video interactions, sampling was carried out, and 2452 videos were finally coded. RESULTS The results are developed from two aspects: "reasoning devices" and "framing devices" based on Interpretative Package framework. Firstly, reasoning devices refer to the roots, consequences, and principle involved in valid health communication. Under the general logic of Gain-Loss Frame, there are three gain frames namely participatory science, economical and informed ideas, and three loss frames namely paternalistic culture, time cost and goal divergence. These six frames can be understood as established content frameworks based on the principle of shared decision-making. They are part of the evidence-based practice of sports related health issues and show the ability of short video platform to provide conditions for evidence-based practice. Secondly, "framing devices" refer to the communication strategies and approaches on short video platforms. Using Rodriguez and Dimitrovas (2011) comprehensive visual framework, the four-level analysis of denotative systems, stylistic-semiotic systems, connotative systems and ideological representations provides valid evidence for visual information and representations for shared decision-making. DISCUSSION Short video platforms fully demonstrate the advantages of the media with the help of technological affordance. The frameworks of the contents presented by professional communicators shows a consistent ideology, which is an acknowledgement and new implementation of evidence-based practices in the field of sport medicine and physical therapy. It also brings about a digital imagination of shared decision-making.
Read CV Luleiya HUANGECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH22
INTRODUCTION Norwegian Premier League (NPL) have used the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) for the last two season increasing the correctness of referees’ decisions from 87% to 97% (1). Still, VAR continues to spark substantial debate primarily among football supporters, players, and executives including concerns over match flow and delays (2). To improve stadium experience and time management, the Norwegian Football Federation (NFF) introduced in 2024 season the "goal button", quickly confirming goals, avoiding in secureness among supporters to whether VAR is investigating the goal or not. Furthermore, average match delay has been reduced from 81 to 41 seconds per match during this season. Nonetheless, many of the elite football clubs in Norway have decided to oppose VAR. The aim of this study is to explore the arguments for this statement considering VAR execution in NPL. METHODS This research utilizes official data from the NPL for seasons 2023 and 2024, focusing on VARs incidents in four key scenarios: goals, penalties, direct red cards, and cases of mistaken identity. This study analysed 480 matches, and time delay was noted from when the referee halted play for VAR checks. A qualitative document analyse (3) was conducted exploring official documents from board decisions in the 32 top clubs in football in Norway. The decision and recommendations for abandoning VAR from the Norwegian Top Football (NTF), representing elite football clubs in Norway, were also examined. RESULTS A total of 3695 incidents were reviewed by VAR, out of these, 2853 were quickly resolved, while 842 required further investigation. VAR upheld the initial decision in 725 cases but altered the outcome in 117 instances. Of these, 57 were factual checks (e.g., offside), with an average match delay of 44 seconds. The remaining 60 necessitated on-field reviews by the match official, with match delay averaging 1 minutes and 43 seconds. Subsequently, in January 2025 decided 19 of the 32 elite football club to vote for the removal VAR mainly rooted in concerns such as “ruining the moment”, “killing the game”, “incredibly sad and boring”, and “lack of clarity for when VAR is used”. The NFT board decision followed most of the clubs and recommend that VAR should be scrapped from NPL. CONCLUSION NTF representing the elite football clubs in Norway are putting pressure on NFF for abandoning VAR in 2025. If they succeed, Norway will be the first country in the world to abolish the controversial system. However, despite recommendations from NTF, representing the elite clubs and thereby also their football supporters, NFF and its executive board have decided a proposal to keep VAR in Norwegian football in the future. Accordingly, the destiny of VAR in Norwegian football is very must up in the air. Will VAR stay or not? 1. Norwegian Football Federation, (2024), www.fotball.no/dommer/var-rapporten/ 2. Scanlon et al., (2022), Soccer & Society. 3. Morgan, 2022), The Qualitative Report.
Read CV Bjoern Tore JohansenECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH22
Introduction Research revealed variability in how talent is defined, identified, selected, and developed across contexts and cultures [1]. Studies investigating athlete development environments suggested media and press as sociocultural influences [2]. They frame and disseminate concepts and themes influencing collective understandings and ideals, indirectly shaping practitioners’ preferences and expectations and athletes’ behaviours and opportunities. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore football talent narratives in the Italian sporting press to understand macro-systemic influences on the construction of youth players in Italy. Methods A Google News search using the keywords ‘football’ and ‘talent’ was used to collect articles. Only articles written in 2024 were considered. Supposing national sporting news outlets have a greater social impact than general and local ones, 25 articles from La Gazzetta dello Sport, the most read and downloaded Italian sporting newspaper, were included in the study. Qualitative and inductive content analysis was used to analyse articles. Results Results revealed three dimensions of talent narrations interacting to shape perceptions of youth players’ pathways: (a) cultural, (b) social, and (c) temporal. The cultural dimension defined what talent looks like (‘he was deselected for disciplinary reasons, as he was considered lazy and overweight’), their preferred developmental corridors (‘he specialised in football at 5, and an Italian first division club selected him at 9’), and performance standards (‘he was the star of the local youth tournaments’). The social dimension presented youth players’ socioeconomic background (‘he comes from a poor community and played on the streets, there the only thing counting is dribbling opponents’) and interactions with family (‘his mother drove for 4 hours a day to take him to training’) and coach (‘after deselection, his former coach trusted in his abilities and took him with him’). The temporal dimension acknowledged talent as in-becoming (‘accumulating hours of training and playing to develop’). Each dimension is indirectly linked to the set of values promoted by Italian football (competition, youth performance, and work ethic). Discussion Findings presented three interacting dimensions contributing to the recognition phenomenon (youth players receiving the label of ‘talent’), which does not appear as an objective, linear, and unbiased process, being instead related to youth players’ conformity to the cultural values, dependent on the received developmental support, and influenced by the passage of time. This study highlighted the construction of football talent in the Italian press, contributing to understanding identification, selection, and development procedures, and presented the mechanisms behind talent recognition, describing what youth players should aim for to be considered talented in the eyes of journalism. References 1. Baker et al., 2024 2. Vaughan et., 2022
Read CV Gabriele MorgantiECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH22