ECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH05
INTRODUCTION: Volunteerism in sports events is a global phenomenon, impacting events from the Olympics to local competitions. Volunteerism in sports has been extensively studied, with a focus on Western contexts, leaving a research gap in non-Western perspectives, particularly in China. This study addresses this gap by translating and validating the Volunteer Motivations Scale for International Sporting Events (VMS-ISE) [1] in the context of the Chengdu 2021 World University Games, offering insights into volunteer motivations in Chinese sports events. METHODS: Phase I Translation of VMS-ISE: (1) Translated VMS-ISE into Chinese (VMS-ISE-Ch) with four interpreters. (2) Validated content with a panel of experts in sport psychology and volunteer management. Phase II Adaptation of VMS-ISE-Ch: (1) Evaluated the unified VMS-ISE-Ch through a pilot study with 30 participants. (2) Conducted interviews to identify issues related to translation and cultural adaptation. Phase III Validation of VMS-ISE-Ch: (1) Examined internal consistency reliability using Cronbach’s alpha. (2) Utilized Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess its construct validity. (3) Revised the model based on cultural nuances and Modification Indices in AMOS. RESULTS: Preliminary analysis involved data cleaning, retaining 416 valid responses. Internal consistency reliability of VMS-ISE-Ch exhibited high reliability (α = 0.83 to 0.90). CFA results initially showed inadequate model fit, prompting the removal of specific items. Revised VMS-ISE-Ch demonstrated acceptable fit indices, confirming robust construct validity. Discussion: Comparison with prior studies reveals variations in translated versions, emphasizing the need for cultural specificity. Modifications to the VMS-ISE-Ch model improved overall fit, aligning with cultural expectations. Cultural differences and translation accuracy play pivotal roles in model fit, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural adaptation. Conclusion: The study successfully translated and validated the VMS-ISE-Ch, providing a reliable tool for understanding volunteer motivations in Chinese sports events. Recommendations for future research include exploring relationships between volunteer motivation and outcomes such as satisfaction, loyalty, and continued willingness to volunteer. Expansion of the sample to diverse volunteer groups is suggested for a more comprehensive understanding. 1 Bang, H., & Chelladurai, P. (2009). Development and validation of the volunteer motivations scale for international sporting events (VMS-ISE). International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 6(4), 332–350. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2009.030064
Read CV YUNXI ZHANGECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH05
Introduction Mass sports are an indispensable foundation for the development of the sports careers. Breaking through the dilemma of modernizing mass sports governance, enhancing the level of modernization of mass sports governance, and accelerating the modernization of mass sports governance are not only necessary for innovating the governance of mass sports, but also the trend of strengthening the sports governance system and governance capabilities, and more importantly, they are essential for the comprehensive construction of a modern sports powerhouse. Methods Mainly using research methods such as literature review, field research, and expert interviews, searched the "CSSCI Journal" on CNKI with the themes of "Sports for all” “Mass sports governance" in resent 10 years (from January 2014 to January 2024), retrieved 262 and 99 papers respectively. Read more than 60 relevant core journal articles, and study more than 10 relevant reports and monographs. The authors went to 10 universities, took part in face-to-face interviews with more than 20 experts in 2023. Results Research shows that the modernization of mass sports governance has three positive effects: 1) addressing the issue of unequal public service in national fitness; 2) improving the physical health of the people; 3) meeting the increasing demand for sports in the pursuit of a better life. The study also found that there are three practical challenges in achieving the modernization of mass sports governance: 1) the development foundation of modern mass sports governance needs to be strengthened; 2) the innovation capability of modern mass sports governance urgently needs to be enhanced; 3) the level of coordination in modern mass sports governance still needs to be improved. Discussion Research indicates that the implementation measures for advancing the modernization of mass sports governance need to be addressed from four aspects:1) Strengthening the rule of law construction to provide a legal environment and guarantee for modern governance. Clarify the legal scope of government, market, and sports organizations responsibilities.2) Improving the service system to enhance the quality and level of modern governance. Constructing a stable and reasonable financial investment mechanism and implementing government accountability for public fitness services.3) Reinforcing the integration of ideas to provide momentum and support for modern governance. Implementing "coordinated" governance changes the governance approach of "going it alone".4) Perfecting governance systems to construct a new pattern and new approach for modern governance. Fully leverage the collaborative role of party organizations at all levels, government, sports social organizations, and the public in the modernization of mass sports governance.
Read CV sibei WangECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH05
Introduction: An overview of talent cultivation and recommendation practices in China is the purpose of this study, as well as mapping of their human resources within international sports organizations, with an aim to gain a deeper understanding of their political and social implications. The study is based on the theories of intercultural training and realism in international relations, and its results are analyzed both theoretically and practically. Methods: Our study utilized the content analysis method and a semi-structured interview. Between 2022 and 2024, field research was conducted in Beijing & Shanghai and 18 people with relevant officials, foreign affairs officials, scholars, and experts were interviewed. The preliminary research results have been derived from a collection of policy documents, media reports, and interviews. Results: The results of the study are presented in three sections: "cultivation system", "recommendation system", and "dynamics." Among the key components of the "Cultivation System" section is the Beijing Sports University model, which emphasizes the cultivation of current students; the "General Administration of Sports model," which emphasizes the development of in-service personnel within the General Administration of Sports system; and the "Tsinghua University model," which emphasizes the development of individuals capable of managing sports events. In this "recommendation system," the following items are summarized: acquiring professional talents from other international organizations; building good relations with the IOC Chairman; and hosting international events to increase opportunities to interact with the IOC and International Federations. There are three major components to "Dynamics," including: meeting the requirements for hosting the Beijing Summer Olympics and Beijing Winter Olympics, strengthening Chinas influence on international sports affairs, and enhancing its influence on Olympic sports organizations rules and referee selection processes. Discussion: In accordance with the assertion of realism theory, the Chinese government perceived sports competition as a symbol of a global arms race and sought to assert its voice within the global political, diplomatic, and Olympic arenas by increasing its competitive sports strength.
Read CV Tien-Chin TanECSS Paris 2023: OP-SH05