ECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH29
INTRODUCTION: Physical activity offers significant benefits for health, economy, and culture, and the Saudi government is committed to promoting it. In 2018, the Sport Science and Physical Activity (SSPA) major was introduced for female students at several universities, including Taibah University in Madinah, western Saudi Arabia. To our knowledge, anthropometric profiles of Saudi Arabian female SSPA university students are not currently available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide the anthropometric profiles of SSPA female students at Taibah University in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: The anthropometric profiles of 20 female university students from the College of Education at Taibah University were assessed. Body weight was measured using a digital scale (Seca) to the nearest 0.1 kg, and height was measured using a portable stadiometer (Seca) to the nearest 0.5 cm, with the head in the horizontal Frankfort plane. Eight skinfold thicknesses (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, supraspinal, abdominal, front thigh, and medial calf) were measured using a skinfold caliper (Cescorf). Six circumferences (relaxed and contracted arm, waist, hip, thigh, and calf) were measured using an anthropometric tape (Cescorf). Three bone breadths (humerus, bi-styloid, and femur) were measured using a small sliding caliper (Cescorf). All measurements were conducted by a trained female (accredited level 1 anthropometrist) following procedures established by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Repeated measurements were taken for each parameter to determine the technical error of measurement (≤5% for skinfolds and ≤1% for all other measurements). RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation (±SD) for age, height, weight, and BMI were 21.65 ± 1.23 years, 160.17 ± 5.31 cm, 51.62 ± 6.59 kg, and 20.14 ± 2.59 kg/m², respectively. The percentage of fat mass and skeletal muscle mass were 28.80 ± 4.99% and 40.80 ± 3.40%, respectively. The sum of the eight skinfolds was 81.25 ± 25.15 mm. Waist circumference and hip circumference were 64.05 ± 6.70 cm and 91.30 ± 3.37 cm, respectively. The waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio were 0.70 ± 0.06 and 0.40 ± 0.04, respectively. Mid-upper arm circumference was 25.08 ± 3.06 cm. CONCLUSION: This study provides, for the first time, anthropometric data on a sample of SSPA female university students in Saudi Arabia. The results indicate that the participants exhibited normal values for key health indicators when compared to individuals from the general population.
Read CV Ghaida AlahmadiECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH29
INTRODUCTION: Body composition evaluation is a research area that has gained much attention recently. On the other hand, for all the methods, these are indirect estimates since it is impossible to evaluate the quantity of adipose tissue directly; therefore, each method has advantages and disadvantages; in this work, we have compared four of the most used methods (Bioimpedance, ultrasound, plycometry, and digital imaging) compared to what is currently considered the gold standard, iDXA; to provide an evaluation tool. METHODS: 60 subjects aged between 19 and 60 (33 women and 27 men), without pathologies and not using drugs regularly, BMI range of 19,8 and 50. All subjects were tested on the same day, with a pause of at least 10 minutes between every test. Subjects were asked not to do any physical activity in the 24 hours preceding the test, not to eat in the 8 hours preceding the test, and not to drink any liquids in the 2 hours preceding the test. The devices used were for iDXA: Lunar GE HealthCare – California – USA, for Bioimpedance: BIA 101 BIVA Pro Akern – Florence – Italy, BIA Dex Mascaretti, Ancona – Italy and InBody 770 Seoul – South Corea; for Ultrasound: BX2000, BodyMetrix, IntelaMetrix, California – USA; Anthropometry: Lipowise Pro, Wisify Matosinhos - Portugal; Digital: FitYourOutfit Pixelcando Tenerife - Spain RESULTS: Respect to iDXA in overall BIA showed a difference respectively of Akern -5%, Mascaretti -15% and InBody -10%, ultrasound -11%, anthropometry -0,1% and Digital +2%; if taken by sex in women we recorded BIA showed a difference respectively of Akern -4,3%, Mascaretti -13% and InBody -7%, ultrasound -10%, Antrhopometry -3.6% and Digital -3.2%; in men we recorded BIA showed a difference respectively of Akern -6,5%, Mascaretti -18% and InBody -12%, ultrasound -12%, Anthropometry +6% and Digital +1%; if grouped by BMI we recorded: between 19,8 and 25 BIA showed a difference respectively of Akern -7%, Mascaretti -19% and InBody -15%, ultrasound -12%, Anthropometry +5,8% and Digital +2%, between 25 and 29,8 BIA showed a difference respectively of Akern -11,6%, Mascaretti -24% and InBody -16%, ultrasound -19%, anthropometry -8,7% and Digital -7,8%; and over 29,8 BIA showed a difference respectively of Akern +6,7%, Mascaretti -13% and InBody +4%, ultrasound -12%, anthropometry -2,6% and Digital +5,5% CONCLUSION: From the results obtained, which certainly should be evaluated on a larger sample (and in fact, the study is continuing with the objective of a sample of 100 people), it can be noted that the percentage of fat is estimated acceptably even in the worst cases, with an error of maximum 20%; the most reliable methods would seem to be the simplest and simplest and cheapest ones, namely visual and anthropometry; on the other hand, bioimpedance and also ultrasonography, in exchange for a higher cost, provide other data on muscle mass, hydration, and general fitness; from a sports perspective using at least two combined tools is probably the best choice.
Read CV CARMELO NICOTERAECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH29
INTRODUCTION: There is ample evidence that a Mediterranean-style diet and physical activity can reduce risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and improve antioxidant defenses. Unfortunately, people drop out after a period of following a nutritional pattern or physical activity because of poor willpower or poor short-term results. The purpose of our study was to devise and observe the effects of combining a nutritional and motor plan that could coexist over the long term (1 year of activity), with the ultimate goal of reducing risk factors and teaching a proper lifestyle. METHODS: 60 subjects (10 men and 50 women, between 20 and 50 years) overweight and with a sedentary lifestyle were recruited for the study. They underwent to nutritional, body composition (plicometry and anthropometry) and Total Antioxidant Activity on saliva samples (TOSC assay) evalutation. All subjects underwent a 1 year of personalized Mediterranean-style nutritional scheme characterized by periods of calorie restriction, alternating with periods of restitution, so as to teach a healthy diet and not induce metabolic damage. We also added a highly personalized motor scheme (45 minutes, 2 times a week). Both the motor and nutritional patterns were highly personalized in relation to the clinical needs of each individual subject. The motor protocol included exercises dervant from different disciplines such as pilates, weight training, endurance, boxing. The exercises and the order of the latter were varied at each session so as not to bore the subjects. The real and only variable was represented by the recovery times, which turned out to be very low, about 10-20-30 seconds between sets and a maximum of 1-2 minutes between one exercise and another. The number of repetitions and exercise were varied each time, so as not to create an adaptation phenomenon. RESULTS: At the end of 1 year of teatment, a significant decrease in weight was observed (90.99±8.86 vs 73.44±8.01; p<0.01) and in waist, abdomen and hip circumferences (P<0.05). In terms of body composition, there was a significant decrease in fat mass (38.12±5.544 vs 27.05±5.50 p<0.05), with an increase of free fat mass (p<0.05). In addition, we found an increase in salivary antioxidant capacity against the three radical species peroxyl (13.67±3.16 vs 19.88±2.02 p<0.01), hydroxyl (3.48±1.51 vs 5.96±1.72 p<0.01), and peroxynitrite derivatives (14.21±3.43 vs 18.46±2.58 p<0.05). Only 3% of subjects dropped out of the study. CONCLUSION: The purpose of the study was to understand how nutrition and motor activity could interact in the long run to improve health and teach a proper lifestyle. From our results, we can conclude how the combination of our nutrition and motor program can be sustained in the long run (pointing out that only 3 percent of subjects dropped out of the study) leading to both excellent compliance and a significant decrease in various risk factors (weight, circumferences, and antioxidant capacity).
Read CV Jonathan FusiECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH29