ECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH17
INTRODUCTION: The distinction between healthy and pathological ageing has given rise to the vitality capacity concept. Underlying the physiological aspect of ageing, vitality capacity is reflected in the neuromuscular function, the immune and stress response, and metabolism. The three domains seem to deteriorate with age, but less among individuals who maintained physical activity throughout their lives. This study aimed to examine the effect of lifelong physical activity on vitality capacity. METHODS: Forty healthy adults aged >55 were stratified by lifetime physical activity: 20 actives and 20 inactives with sex parity. Vitality capacity was assessed using 12 markers across three domains: neuromuscular function (handgrip, knee strength, spirometry), immune/stress response (inflammation biomarker, autonomic function, oxygen saturation, perceived immunity), energy/metabolism (metabolic biomarker, nutrition, body composition, perceived fatigue, muscle endurance). Domain-specific z-scores were computed and averaged for an overall vitality capacity score. Statistical analysis was perform using 2-way (group and sex) ANCOVA (age as covariate) and p values were corrected using Benjamini-Hochberg procedure. RESULTS: Significant differences advantaging lifelong active participants were observed in autonomic function (heart rate variability, 49.9 ± 27.5 vs 27.2 ± 16.7 ms), oxygen saturation (96.8 ± 1.2 vs 94.8 ± 1.8%), and fat mass (31.3 ± 6.9 vs 37.3 ± 8.0%). Aggregated domain z-scores revealed significant higher energy/metabolism (0.225 ± 0.528 vs −0.144 ± 0.564) and immune/stress response (0.215 ± 0.369 vs −0.190 ± 0.408) in lifelong active participants. Surprisingly, the neuromuscular function of lifelong participants was not significantly higher than inactive group, even if a trend was observed. Overall vitality capacity was significantly higher in the lifelong active group compared to the inactive group (0.151 ± 0.358 vs −0.116 ± 0.419). CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that lifelong physical activity is strongly associated with higher vitality capacity in older adults, especially among the immune and metabolic dimensions. The overall pattern of results reinforces the well-established view that lifelong athletes represent a model of successful ageing. Importantly, to our knowledge, this is the first study to provide a comprehensive assessment of vitality capacity within a defined cohort. By operationalizing and fully characterizing this construct, our work lays critical groundwork for the evolving healthy ageing paradigm. These findings not only strengthen the conceptual relevance of vitality capacity but also position lifelong athletes as a valuable reference model for future mechanistic and interventional studies on ageing trajectories.
Read CV Julien MERCIERECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH17
INTRODUCTION: Large-scale meta-analyses confirm that sedentary time (ST) independently predicts all-cause mortality, yet whether this risk differs by body mass index (BMI) and age has not been formally tested. Prior individual participant data meta-analyses reported broadly consistent ST-mortality associations across subgroups but did not test for multiplicative interaction. Moreover, existing evidence derives predominantly from Western cohorts with minimal East Asian representation. South Korea-where workers log the longest hours in the OECD and the population is aging faster than any high-income country-provides a relevant setting to examine this question. We therefore conducted a formal interaction analysis of the ST-mortality association by BMI and age in a nationally representative East Asian cohort. METHODS: We analyzed 23,823 adults (>=19 years) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2018 linked to national death records through December 2022 (692 deaths; mean follow-up 5.3 years). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and ST were assessed via the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. MVPA was categorized as Inactive (0 min/week), Insufficiently active (1-149 min/week), and Active (>=150 min/week); ST as <8, 8 to <12, and >=12 h/day. Survey-weighted Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol, income, education, marital status, hypertension, and diabetes, with mutual MVPA-ST adjustment. Dose-response curves were modeled via restricted cubic splines. Multiplicative interactions were tested with cross-product terms. RESULTS: Active adults had 36% lower mortality versus Inactive (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.51-0.78); ST <8 versus >=12 h/day was associated with 30% lower risk (HR 0.70, 0.54-0.89). A significant ST x BMI interaction was observed (P=0.024): reduced ST was associated with 42% lower mortality among normal-weight adults (HR 0.58, 0.43-0.78) but not among those with BMI >=25 (HR 1.13, 0.72-1.77). The ST x age interaction approached significance (P=0.074), with a 49% risk reduction among adults >=65 years (HR 0.51, 0.39-0.68) versus no significant association in younger adults (HR 0.99, 0.56-1.73). Dose-response analysis confirmed a non-linear L-shaped MVPA curve (P-nonlinearity=0.006) and a linear ST gradient (P=0.849). Joint analysis showed meeting MVPA guidelines attenuated ST-associated risk across all sitting levels. In contrast to ST, MVPA showed no effect modification by BMI or age. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the ST-mortality association is modified by BMI and age: sedentary time reduction was strongly associated with lower mortality among normal-weight and older adults but not among those with elevated BMI, who may require integrated approaches addressing sedentary behavior alongside weight management. These results suggest that reducing ST may not benefit all adults equally, warranting age- and BMI-specific guidance.
Read CV yun sungjaeECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH17
INTRODUCTION: Greater levels of ketone bodies have been found in Gilbert’s syndrome (GS), a mild hyperbilirubinemic condition, compared to healthy controls (Hana et al., 2021). These findings indicate that GS may lead to a higher fat oxidation, which might explain the better lipid profile and lower BMI in people with GS, which was found in several previous studies. To analyze maximal fat oxidation (MFO), and therefore their fat oxidation capacity, we conducted a FatMax test. In this test, participants are supposed to oxidate a maximum amount of fat, which may lead to shifts in their metabolome and highlights the importance of this test in GS. METHODS: In a human case control study, where controls were age and gender matched, 40 GS subjects (UCB>17μmol/l) and 40 controls (C) between 18 and 65 years of age were included. All participants were healthy, moderately physically active and nonsmokers. After having fasted for 12 h overnight, all subjects completed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer, which was terminated at RER=1.00. Before and after the test venous blood samples were taken. To analyze potential shifts in the plasma metabolome, we employed an untargeted metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). RESULTS: No differences between GS and C group were found at baseline or after the FatMax test in the metabolome. However, the graded test resulted in significant changes of 227 metabolite levels when analyzing the complete study population. The results predominantly showed changes in lipid metabolism. More specifically, an increase in several fatty acid (FA) families, predominantly unsaturated fatty acids, was observed. Furthermore, a significant pathway hit was found for “biosynthesis of unsaturated FA” and “purine metabolism”. Interestingly, this slight trend to greater metabolome shift and increase in FA, was observed in participants with a higher maximal fat oxidation and FatMax. CONCLUSION: Even though, we could not replicate earlier findings regarding the lipid profile of GS participants, we made some interesting findings concerning the FatMax test. As FA increased post exercise, it can be concluded that mobilization during the test was higher than oxidation. Moreover, the metabolome could also be considered as a tool to identify (high) fat oxidation.
Read CV Tamara StelzerECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH17