ECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH22
INTRODUCTION: With the increasing utilization of blood flow restriction (BFR), exploring a unified parameter for BFR pressure quantification is crucial. The study aimed to explore the suitability of the interface pressure serving as a quantification standard for BFR pressure across different types of cuffs. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, thirty-five young healthy adults participated in the study. On the first experimental day, participants’ body weight, height, and blood pressure were measured, followed with the lower limb BFR interface pressure measured through pressure monitor when using six cuffs of different types and widths (7 cm Bstrong, 7 cm and 10 cm pneumatic tourniquets, 7 cm tissue flossing, and 7 cm and 10 cm elastic bands) with different set pressures or different wrapping laps. On a separate day, the lower limb blood flow under the same interface pressure was measured with duplex ultrasound when using three types of equally wide cuffs (7 cm Bstrong, pneumatic tourniquet and tissue flossing). RESULTS: Within pneumatic cuffs, the interface pressures under the same set pressure were mostly higher in non-elastic cuff than elastic cuff, the correlation coefficients between interface pressure and set pressure were all larger than 0.930 (P < 0.001), and the magnitude of the interface pressure increasing with the increase of set pressure in Bstrong was smaller than pneumatic tourniquets. Participants had significantly different perceived tightness ratings at the same set pressure among different types of pneumatic cuffs, but same rating at the same interface pressure. Within non-pneumatic cuffs, when wrapped one to five laps, the interface pressures were higher in tissue flossing than elastic band, which was consistent with the higher elasticity coefficient and perceived tightness rating with the tissue flossing than with the elastic band, the correlation coefficients between interface pressure and wrapping laps were all larger than 0.930 (P < 0.001), and the magnitude of the interface pressure increasing with the increase of the laps was smaller in elastic band than tissue flossing. When comparing the non-pneumatic cuffs with the pneumatic, the former can mostly achieve the similar interface pressure with the latter. Finally, all types of cuffs caused decreased blood flow compared with non-BFR (P < 0.001). However, blood flow among different types of cuffs under the same interface pressure were similar (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Interface pressures differ among different types of BFR cuffs, and the same interface pressure produces similar blood flow and perceived tightness rating across different types of BFR cuffs. Our results suggest that the interface pressure could serve as a unified quantification standard of pressure for different types of BFR cuffs.
Read CV Tongtong YINECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH22
INTRODUCTION: Ultra distance events represent a great model for the investigation of the physiological limits of the human body. To our knowledge, there is no data available related to the changes of the physiological parameters including blood glucose levels and core temperature during an ultracycling event in the desert. Aim of the present study was to study physiological response to the 1000 km cycling challenge in a single ride. METHODS: Male athlete (174 cm, 71.6 kg, 23.45 kg/cm2, 44 years, VO2max 52 ml/kg/min) completed 1001 km in a single ride. During the attempt continuous glucose monitoring (Supersapiens system,USA), body temperature (Core, Switherland), heart rate (Garmin HRM-Pro plus, USA), energy expenditure (Garmin Edge 1000, USA) was performed. Power and speed (Garmin Edge 1000, USA), nutrition, hydration, ambient temperature and wet bulb temperature (WBT) were also collected. RESULTS: Attempt of 1001 km was completed in 30 hours 11 minutes and 32 seconds . The average power was 179 watts, normalized power 201 watts/kg, average speed 33.2 km/h, maximal speed was 71.8 km/h and ascent 2079 m. During the attempt minimum and maximum glucose values were 83 mg/dL and > 200 mg/dL, respectively. verage glucose level was 140 mg/dL and glucose stability during the first 24 hours was 22 mg/. The maximum core temperature during 33 hours was 38.8o, the minimum was 37.3o and the average 37.8o. Average heart rate was 133 bpm and maximum 225 bpm. Total energy expenditure was 25000 kcal and the weight changed 5.31% from 71.6 kg to 67.8 kg. Weather at the venue changed from 16o to 29o. Average WBT first 24 hours 17.3o and last 9 hours was 18.9o. CONCLUSION: Current study provides us with unique information related to the changes in blood glucose level, core temperature during the ultracycling event and elucidate physiological insides related to the body adaptation to extreme loads.
Read CV DANIL ILINECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH22
INTRODUCTION: Repeated head impact accumulation may provide a marker of athlete welfare and training prescription in combat and contact sports. Instrumented mouthguards (IMGs) may provide insightful and detailed information to inform sparring, training and athlete monitoring. IMG data from elite boxing competition is currently limited. This case study presents the head impact data from an elite amateur female boxer. METHODS: One elite female boxer (age = 26 years; mass = 70kg; stature = 173cm) took part in an international amateur boxing tournament (3 bouts = 3 x 2 mins:1 min recovery) whilst equipped with a Protecht IMG (OPRO+ smart mouthguard, UK) during each bout. The participant won all three bouts. Variables measured were linear head acceleration (g), angular head acceleration (rad∙s), and number of head impacts. One-way ANOVAs (p≤0.05) with omega squared (ω2) effect size using JASP 0.18.1 were used to compare the following between bouts: mean g; mean rad∙s; mean g split by 50th%, 75th% and 90th%; mean rad∙s split by 50th%, 75th% and 90th%. RESULTS: Bout 1: total impacts = 117; linear acceleration = 15.7±10.6g; angular acceleration = 3,802±3,272rad∙s. Bout 2: total impacts = 58; linear acceleration = 14.6±9.1g; angular acceleration = 3,585±3,863rad∙s; Bout 3: total impacts = 57; linear acceleration = 13.1±6.8g; angular acceleration = 3,251±2,244rad∙s. There were no significant differences in mean g or rad∙s between bouts. There were differences in mean g in the 75th% (p = 0.04, ω2 = 0.07; bout 1 = 29.9±12.1g .v. bout 3 = 22.1±6.2g, post hoc p = 0.03) and in the 90th% (p = 0.2, ω2 = 0.23; bout 1 = 41.5±10.5g .v. bout 3 = 29.1±4.2g, post hoc p = 0.02) between bouts. There were no differences in mean rad∙s between bouts split by %. CONCLUSION: This participant experienced head accelerations lower than those reported from male combat sport and American football athletes [1]. The frequency of head impacts and the magnitude of linear accelerations reduced over the course of the three bouts, with no change in angular acceleration. These data provide novel information regarding head impacts in elite amateur female boxers. Future cohort studies for both sexes are required to better understand the effects of boxing competition. References 1. Tiernan et al., (2021), Finite element simulation of head impacts in mixed martial arts, Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 24:3
Read CV John CallanECSS Paris 2023: OP-MH22