ECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH08
INTRODUCTION: Gait speed is considered as a representative indicator for evaluating physical function in the diagnosis of sarcopenia and frailty [1-3]. Since gait speed measurements require a certain amount of space, a previous study examined the usefulness of five-times sit-to-stand test as a surrogate of gait speed [4]. On the other hand, we reported that 30s chair stand test (CS-30) could be a useful tool for screening sarcopenia in older Japanese people [5]. The aim of this study is to examine the usefulness of CS-30 as a surrogate of gait speed, and to determine the cut-off point as a surrogate for the recommended gait speed cut-off of 1.0m/s for sarcopenia and frailty [2,3]. METHODS: A total of 1416 Japanese participants aged 65 years and over volunteered to participate in this study (478 men and 938 women, aged 77.2±7.8 years). For gait speed, participants were instructed to walk a 4-10 m course at their usual pace. For CS-30, participants were instructed to complete sit-to-stand trials using a 40-cm high seat without using their arms as many times as possible in 30 s [6]. Correlation analysis, simple regression analysis and ROC analysis were used to determine the usefulness and cut-off point. RESULTS: Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between gait speed and CS-30 (r = 0.62, p < 0.001), and the estimated formula was derived as follows: CS-30 scores = 14.744 × gait speed - 1.0976 (R2=0.38). From this formula, the CS-30 cut-off point for gait speed cut-off of 1.0m/s was estimated to be 14 times. On the other hand, ROC analysis showed that the AUC of the CS-30 for gait speed cut-off of 1.0 m/s definition was 0.88 (p < 0.001), and the optimal CS-30 score was 14 times (sensitivity, 83.8%; specificity, 80.7%). CONCLUSION: The results from both simple regression analysis and ROC analysis indicated significant associations and confirmed that the optimal CS-30 cutoff score for definition the gait speed cut-off of 1.0m/s were consistent in 14 times. CS-30 can be a useful surrogate of gait speed for screening of sarcopenia and frailty. References: 1. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing, 2019. 48(1): p.16-31. 2. Chen LK, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2020. 21(3): p.300-307. 3. Satake S and Arai H. The revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria (revised J-CHS criteria). Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020. 20(10): p.992-993. 4. Nishimura T, et al. Usefulness of chair stand time as a surrogate of gait speed in diagnosing sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int, 2017. 17(4): p.659-661. 5. Sawada S, et al. The 30-s chair stand test can be a useful tool for screening sarcopenia in elderly Japanese participants. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2021. 22(1): 639. 6. Jones CJ, et al. A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Res Q Exerc Sport, 1999. 70(2): p.113-119.
Read CV Shuji SawadaECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH08
INTRODUCTION: A higher pace of work on repetitive tasks may affect physical strain and work-related outcomes like error rate in industrial workers. However, the effects of different work paces on cardiovascular variables have not yet been investigated. This study elucidated the impact of work pace on cardiorespiratory factors and assessed workers’ comfort, effort, and load. By understanding the needs of industrial workers, we can develop tailored health interventions. METHODS: Twelve industrial workers (age: 44 ± 9 years; BMI: 27.7 ± 4.5 kg/m2) with at least one year of experience at a repetitive workstation and no acute injuries or physical limitations were tested on three different production environments (comparable repetitive tasks and equal amount of product handled). Work paces at 100%, 115%, and 130% of the internal target yield were randomly assessed. At each pace, a 5-minute familiarization was followed by a 5-minute data collection. Every minute, participants received feedback to adjust their pace. The total ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide release (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER; Metamax 3 B, Cortex, Leipzig), and heart rate (HR; Polar H10 chest band) were measured. Thereon, energy expenditure (EE) was calculated. In addition, the carried load (CL) was recorded in kg. Moreover, for each pace, all participants provided feedback on their comfort level using the visual analogue scale (VAS; 0-100) and their perceived effort (RPE; 0-10). One-way ANOVA was performed using R version 4.2.2. RESULTS: No significant between-pace difference was found for RER, HR, RPE, or comfort (p ≤ .993; ƞp²≥ .001). However, significant between-pace differences were found for VE, VO2, VCO2, EE, and CL (p ≤ .042; ƞp²≥ .25). Post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences with small effect sizes between 100% and 130% in VE (15.9±2.8 vs. 17.1±3.3 l/min, p=.041, SMD=.38), VO2 (.48±.09 vs. .52±.12 l/min, p=.006, SMD=.35), VCO2 (.43±.09 vs. .46±.11l/min, p=.023, SMD=.34), and EE (165.9±33.4 vs. 178.8±40.1 kcal/h, p=.008; SMD=.35). Significant large pace effects were found for CL between 100% and 130% (14.6±1.4 vs. 18.4±1.8kg, p<.001, SMD=2.38), and between 115% and 130% (16.2±1.7 vs. 18.4±1.8kg, p=.007, SMD=1.25). CONCLUSION: A work pace of 130% increases the physiological demand of industrial workers. However, whether the amount of changes and a load variation of only 4 kg/5 min influence health-related factors is questionable. Nevertheless, this study sheds light on the physiological profile of industrial workers, offering insights that may be valuable for informing preventive health-promotion strategies. Specifically, interventions in physical activity, job rotation or nutrition should be tailored to address the specific demands identified in this study.
Read CV Sasha JavanmardiECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH08
INTRODUCTION: In the early stages of open angle glaucoma (OAG), the symptoms are almost unnoticeable. However, OAG-induced visual field defects are associated with impaired gait performance during single- (STW) and dual-task walking (DTW), which increases the risk of falling. Resistance and motor-cognitive exercises/training have been shown to improve postural control and to reduce the fear of falling. Thus, a combination of both training modalities might be more effective in improving spatio-temporal gait parameters during STW and DTW. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training (unimodal, UM) versus resistance combined with motor-cognitive training (multimodal, MM) on STW and DTW gait performance in OAG. METHODS: Nineteen OAG patients were included in a 12-week intervention containing either UM (N=10) or MM training (N=9). Before and after the intervention period, participants performed STW and DTW. During DTW, patients walked at comfortable velocity and had to perform different concurrent cognitive tasks in a random order: (i) Verbal Fluency Task, (ii) N-Back Task, and (iii) Reaction Time Task, with two difficulty levels, respectively. To calculate dual task costs (DTC), each cognitive task was also performed while sitting. During STW and DTW, spatio-temporal gait parameters were assessed using inertial measurement units (sampling frequency 100Hz). DTC in gait performance were assessed by the differences between STW and DTW. For statistical analysis, three-way (time × condition × group) repeated measures analyses of covariance were conducted. The practical relevance of the results was judged on the basis of the effect size, with a medium effect (η_p^2≥0.06) being considered meaningful. RESULTS: Due to drop out/processing issues, only 12 participants (6 UM, 70.5±2.3years), 6 MM (69.2±6.5years) were included in the final analysis. For the MM group, changes in minimal toe clearance (MTC), stride length, and the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the respective parameters were indicated by time × group interactions for MTC (p=.151,η_p^2=0.22) and stride length (p=.444,η_p^2=0.07) and for CoV of stride length (p=.309,η_p^2=0.12) and of gait velocity (GV) (p=.301, η_p^2=0.12). Furthermore for DTC, time × group interactions were found in the UM group for cognitive performance (p=.450,η_p^2=0.07), MTC (p=.016,η_p^2=0.54), MTC CoV (p=.005,η_p^2=0.65), stride length (p=.046,η_p^2=.411), GV (p=.525,η_p^2=0.06) and GV CoV (p=.364,η_p^2=0.10) revealing a reduction in these DTC in the UM group. CONCLUSION: The UM and MM intervention affected gait performance differently. While the MM intervention improved several parameters of gait performance, the UM intervention reduced cognitive and gait performance DTC. Consequently, both the UM and MM intervention may be beneficial to counteract the deterioration of gait performance during STW and DTW walking in OAG patients, even though with different effects on gait parameters.
Read CV Constantin FreitagECSS Paris 2023: CP-MH08