Author(s): JUZWIAK, C., SALAZAR, D.M., PADOVANI, R.C., Institution: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SAO PAULO, Country: BRAZIL, Abstract-ID: 114

Introduction: Athletes’ food choices and practices are affected by several factors, among which, the eating practices adopted by those with whom they live, which are shared in moments of commensality. Commensality represents the practice of eating together and is one of the main social functions of eating. Thus, the aim of the study was to understand the commensality dynamics in families of adolescent athletes of aesthetic sports from the perspective of the athletes and their guardians.
Methods: Individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 female adolescent athletes (seven rhythmic gymnasts and nine figure skaters) and their guardians, totaling 32 interviews, as well as a focus group with each athletes’ team. The questions explored families’ attitudes and organization regarding mealtime, perceptions of the athletes about their own eating practices, and the role of their families. Analysis was conducted using the thematic content analysis (TCA) and was based on the Family Food Systems model (Travis et al., 2010) and the Dimensions and Roles of Commensality framework (Giacomann, 2016).
Results: The TCA led to three thematic nuclei: a)commensality and family dynamics; b)body norms and eating practices, and c) identities at the table. Families influence athletes diet, but their athletic routines also influence families’ eating organization. Athletes and guardians perceive family meals as moments of unity and bonding, although they are hampered by the difficulty in aligning schedules (co-presence) and may represent moments of conflicts. Parental control during mealtimes was an important cause of tension and stress, and the pressure to restrict food reinforced the demands that athletes already experience in their sports environment, and the risk of body image dissatisfaction and disored eating. All guardians pointed out many challenges in being responsible for providing/organizing family meals considering the different preferences and requirements of all family members, while athletes contributed little to the organization of family food.
Discussion: Family commensality and its role on the eating practices of adolescent female athletes is a complex phenomenon. This study provides valuable insights that reinforce the importance of involving the family in nutrition education activities for adolescent athletes. This ensures that they will be able not only to guarantee the nutritional requirements for healthy growth and athletic performance, but also that they can empower young athletes to have a positive perception about their bodies, and to develop a good relationship with food and eating.
References
Travis S, Bisogni C, Razenhofer L. (2010). Appetite, 54:108-17.
Giacoman (2016). Appetite, 107:460-70.