Author(s): LO, K.K.1, CHUNG, J.W.Y.2, SUN, F.3, Institution: HONG KONG SPORTS INSTITUTE, Country: HONG KONG, Abstract-ID: 403

INTRODUCTION: Mindfulness training has shown promise in enhancing performance by reducing anxiety and increasing mindfulness and flow in elite athletes. However, there is limited understanding of how mindfulness techniques are specifically implemented during competitions. This qualitative study aims to explore the experiences of elite athletes participating in a mindfulness flow program (MFP). The research project has two primary objectives: (1) investigating the application of mindfulness during competition and (2) gathering participants recommendations and suggestions for future iterations of mindfulness-based interventions.

METHODS: A qualitative descriptive research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews (Sandelowski, 2010). Twelve archers, including five who participated in the Asian Games, with an average experience of 8.9 ± 3.3 years, were recruited. Interviews were conducted after a 12-week intervention of the mindfulness flow program (MFP). Transcripts were analyzed inductively using an iterative process of reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2022).

RESULTS: The qualitative findings revealed that athletes applied mindfulness practices during both practice and competition, such as "awareness of body sensation" to maintain balance in outdoor environments. Athletes engaged in exercises focusing on balance, such as standing on one leg or blindfolded practice, to enhance their body awareness. Adjustments were made based on observed differences between each shot to maintain the desired center of gravity, while accounting for external factors like wind. Moreover, athletes reported reduced reactivity to negative thoughts during competitions. Regarding intervention delivery preferences, half of the participants expressed a preference for face-to-face sessions, while others favored online-mode to save travel time. Shorter sessions (e.g., 60-75 minutes) over an extended period were preferred, with classes scheduled to avoid conflicts with sports-specific training.

CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable insights into the practical application of mindfulness techniques by athletes during competitive situations. Understanding the diverse ways mindfulness can be employed can assist psychologists and sports scientists in providing coaches with timely and relevant information to enhance athletes performance. Future research should explore how world-class athletes utilize mindfulness to enhance performance, examine the coach-athlete relationship, and investigate the broader impact of mindfulness on athletes daily lives.

REFERENCE:
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022). Thematic Analysis — A Practical Guide. SAGE Publications Ltd.
Sandelowski, M. (2010). What’s in a name? Qualitative description revisited. Research in Nursing & Health, 33, 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20362