Author(s): ANNOURA, T.1, AOYAGI, O.2, NAGAMINE, K.2, KOMURE, I.2, TAGATA, S.3, OHYAMA, Y.4, YAITA, A. , Institution: JAPAN UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS, Country: JAPAN, Abstract-ID: 577

INTRODUCTION:
In Japan, most university students spend their student life working part-time. It is not unusual for some PTJs (part-time jobs) to end late at night, start early in the morning, or require irregular and long hours. As a result, students may not get enough sleep, may easily rely on eating out or fast food for meals, and may also suffer from a lack of exercise and stress stemming from interpersonal relationships. These could have a serious impact on their lifestyles/health. Therefore, this study examined the comprehensive relationship between PTJs and lifestyle/health among Japanese university students.
METHODS:
The subjects were 452 university students (283 males and 169 females) from F city in Japan. The survey items included 1) The number of PTJs per week; 2) The type of PTJ; 3) Hours per day; 4) Start time; and 5) The end time of the PTJ. It also incorporated 4 items related to "Sleep," such as "Waking time" and "Sleeping time;" 5 items related to "Diet," e.g., "The number of breakfasts;" 7 items related to "Exercise," including "Membership in an athletic club" and "Time spent doing high-intensity exercise;" and 7 items, e.g., grades, smoking, drinking, use of cell phones, and housing, 23 items in total. A cross table of options combining each of the 5 items related to part-time work and each of the 23 items related to lifestyle was created and tested for independence. The data was formed in which 1 was inserted when significantly related and 0 when not. Then, to examine the comprehensive association between the two, the Quantification Theory Type Three (QTTT) was applied to the data. A cluster analysis was performed on the configuration showing the degree of mutual association obtained, and groupings were made.
RESULTS:
The scree plot of the contribution of each dimension obtained in QTTT showed an elbow between the 2nd and 3rd dimensions, and since 67.5% was explained up to the 2nd dimension, a two-dimensional solution was adopted. A cluster analysis was performed on the two-dimensional configuration obtained, and grouping resulted in five clusters with every cluster containing each item of the PTJ. The 1st cluster containing "the number of PTJs per week" included "Sleep satisfaction" and "The number of times of strong-intensity exercise;" the 2nd cluster incorporating "Type of PTJ" contained "Waking time" and "The number of cigarettes smoked;" the 3rd cluster with "Hours per day" included "Sleeping hours" and "Exercise content.” the 4th cluster containing "Start time" included "The number of lunches" and "The number of evening meals"; and the 5th cluster with "The end time of PTJ" encompassed "Bedtime," "The number of breakfasts," and "The number of evening meals." From this, it can be assumed that a PTJ imposes some restrictions on a student’s sleep, exercise, and diet, which in turn affects a healthy lifestyle. In other words, long hours of part-time work that extend into the late-night hours may harm a student’s healthy lifestyle.
CONCLUSION: