Author(s): SAKAGUCHI, H., IMAMURA, K.1, AOYAGI, O.2, Institution: JAPAN UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS, Country: JAPAN, Abstract-ID: 554

INTRODUCTION:
In sailing competitions, situational judgment/decision-making in various situations is important. Situational judgment is not only cultivated but also is based on a wealth of declarative and procedural knowledge. Therefore, the presence of declarative knowledge is also important in sailing competitions as a basis for situational judgment/decision-making. In this study, we examined the factor structure of the knowledge of sailing, its central knowledge, and the relationship among these factors and various conditions.
METHODS:
Sailing tests consisting of 28 items were conducted on 165 yachtsmen who participated in various national sailing competitions and high school sailing competitions in Japan and understood the purpose of this study. Tetrachoric correlation coefficients were calculated on the data, which was transformed into 1 for correct answers and 0 for incorrect answers, and the factor pattern matrix was obtained by performing a Promax oblique rotation with the principal factor solution. After interpreting the factors, the relationships between factor scores and various factors, such as gender, position, boat type, age, and years of competition experience, were examined.
RESULTS:
The scree plot of eigenvalues obtained showed an elbow between factor 3 and factor 4, so the factor 3 solution was adopted. We interpreted "F1: Sail trim factor," "F2: Sailing theory related to mast control," and "F3: General sailing theory" according to the characteristics common to the items that showed significant loadings on each factor. Furthermore, the results of the association between these factors and various factors showed that "F1: Sail trim factor" was significantly related to "Boat type" (F=9.407, df=[1,151], p=0.003) and "Two-seater (mean=0.328)" was superior to "Single-seater (-0.541)". “F2: Sailing theory related to mast control" showed significant relationships in "Years of sailing experience (r=0.289, p<0.001);" "Age (r=0.234, p=0.004);" "Gender (F=13.05,df=[1,152], p<0.001);" "Positions (F=4.28,df=[1,144], p=0.040);" and "Boat type (F=5.36, df=[1,151], p=0.022), in which superiority was considered to be “Years of sailing experience” and “Age” increased, and "Boys (0.261)" more than "Girls (-0.319)" for “Gender;” "Skippers (0.140)" more than "Crew (-0.238)" for “Position;” and "Two-seaters (0.328)" more than "Single-seaters (-0.541)." There was also a significant negative association in "F3: General sailing theory " for "Years of sailing experience (r=-0.221, p=0.007)" and "Age (r=-0.198, p=0.015)," and a significant difference (F=6.38, df=[1,144], p=0.013) was also found for "Position," and that "Crew (0.218)" was superior to "Skipper (-0.134)."
CONCLUSION:
We can assume that in general, sailing theory is not acquired through the number of years of experience and age, but that the theory on sail trim is special and that this knowledge is important and is not only related to years of experience and age, but also developed with experience in gender, position, and boat type.