Author(s): CHEN, Z., YANG, Y., WU, W.Q., Institution: BEIJING SPORT UNIVERSITY, Country: CHINA, Abstract-ID: 2161

Introduction
The practical impact of ischemic preconditioning on exercise performance remains controversial, with numerous empirical studies yielding contradictory data and outcomes [1-4]. This study aims to systematically evaluate and conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of ischemic preconditioning on the completion time of various exercises, in order to further clarify its influence on exercise performance.
Methods
As of September 6, 2023, a systematic search was conducted across eight databases, including CNKI , VIP, CMB , WanFang, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase. This search identified 300 articles. Stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, and after initial screening, abstract review, and full-text assessment, nine articles were included for analysis [5-13]. Subsequent statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager software.
Results
Ischemic preconditioning did not significantly improve the completion time of all exercises (MD = -0.03, 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.02, Z = 1.06, P = 0.29 > 0.05). for a more profound investigation, the exercises were categorized into three subgroups based on the characteristics of the three energy system [14]. The meta-analysis results indicated that ischemic preconditioning did not significantly affect the completion time for exercises dominated by the high-energy phosphate system (MD = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.03; Z = 0.75; P = 0.45 > 0.05). However, it significantly reduced the completion time for exercises dominated by the anaerobic glycolytic system (MD = -0.5, 95% CI: -0.88 to 0.11; Z = 2.54; P = 0.01 < 0.05). There was no significant impact on the completion time for exercises dominated by the aerobic oxidative system (MD = -8.81, 95% CI: -49.91 to 32.29; Z = 0.42; P = 0.67 > 0.05).
Conclusion
In summary, the energy supply system is a critical factor influencing the relationship between ischemic preconditioning and exercise performance. Ischemic preconditioning elicits a cascade of physiological and biochemical adaptations that enhance lactate tolerance and oxygen deficiency tolerance [15-20], thereby significantly improving the performance of exercises dominated by the anaerobic glycolytic system, without exerting a significant effect on the performance of exercises dominated by the high-energy phosphate system or the aerobic oxidative system.

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