Author(s): JIANG, R.S., Institution: NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY OF SPORT, Country: TAIWAN, Abstract-ID: 466

INTRODUCTION
This research explores and compares the dynamics of grassroots running initiatives in the UK and Taiwan, focusing on the prominent "Parkrun" model in the UK and the prevalence of running as a nationwide sport in Taiwan. Investigating the interplay of government policies, private sector initiatives, and voluntary sector engagement, the study seeks to uncover insights that can inform strategies for enhancing community-based physical activities and fostering a healthy/active lifestyle.
METHODS
Two interrelated theoretical frameworks, governance theory and a strategic-relational approach, are adopted. This dual perspective enables us to discern the mediation and shaping of outcomes, specifically highlighting the involvement of distinct sets of interests, the exercise of power, and whose interests were ultimately fulfilled. The empirical investigation utilizes a qualitative case-study methodology, relying on documentary materials and conducting semi-structured interviews.
FINDINGS
Parkrun, a volunteer-driven event in the UK, has shaped public health policies and increased physical activity since the early 2000s. Operating in 768 locations, it emphasizes running and walking in local green spaces. In UKs 2016-2021 "Towards an Active Nation" phase, Parkrun notably boosted the active population. In Taiwan, where 80.2% engage in sports, walking/jogging/running prevails, featuring monthly marathons even in extreme conditions. Pre-pandemic, Taiwan hosted 500-600 yearly events, with over 400 in 2023 post-pandemic, contributing to a significant sports and event consumption market.
DISCUSSION
Parkrun earns praise for significantly contributing to health policies and encouraging widespread physical activity through volunteer-driven events in green spaces, aligning with broader public health goals. However, the volunteer-based model raises concerns about sustainability, resource allocation, and potential event disparities. In Taiwan, diverse marathons showcase a commitment to providing rich participation experiences, reflecting a cultural inclination toward enjoyable and social exercise. Yet, the emphasis on varied formats may pose challenges such as logistical complexities, potential quality dilution, and varying safety standards, despite the high engagement of the Taiwanese population in regular physical activities. Both models share the goal of promoting physical well-being, but contrasts are crucial to recognize. The UKs health-oriented model emphasizes regular exercise, but drawbacks may include over-reliance on volunteers and disparities in community access. Taiwans participation-oriented approach caters to diverse motivations but faces challenges like standardization and event quality control. In conclusion, the comparison shows how running adapts to unique societal needs, contributing to healthier communities. On the other hand, both models need critical assessment to address potential shortcomings and ensure sustained positive impacts.