Author(s): VICENTE-RODRÍGUEZ, G., MORADELL FERNÁNDEZ, A., FERNÁNDEZ-GARCÍA, A.I., NAVARRETE-VILLANUEVA, D., SUBÍAS-PERIÉ, J., PÉREZ-GOMEZ, J., GONZALEZ-GROSS, M., ARA, I., CASAJÚS, J.A., GÓMEZ-CABELLO, A., Institution: UNIVERSITY OF ZARAGOZA, Country: SPAIN, Abstract-ID: 2143

INTRODUCTION:
Sarcopenia and frailty are two geriatric syndromes that share the deterioration of functional capacity. Multicomponent training (MCT) appears to be an effective method for improving functional capacity, potentially serving as a tool for preventing and treating frailty and sarcopenia. The main aim was to evaluate the differences obtained by following a 6-month supervised MCT program in older adults at risk of sarcopenia and without sarcopenia in variables used to assess sarcopenia, functional capacity and frailty.
METHODS:
A total of 66 older adults (80.4±5.6 y.) were conveniently divided into an intervention group (IG) and control group (CG) and were subdivided into two groups: at risk of sarcopenia (CG: N=11; IG: N=20) and no sarcopenia groups (CG: N=12; IG: N=23) according to the revised European consensus [1]. The IG underwent a supervised 6-month multicomponent exercise program, three days a week, while the CG continued with their usual activities. Skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, speed, and SPPB, Fried, and FTS-5 batteries were evaluated. A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to study if there were significant changes after six months of training between groups (GxT) and within each group.
RESULTS:
Those at risk of sarcopenia and without sarcopenia which belong to the intervention group show improvements in handgrip strength (from 15.7 ± 4.3 to 19.0 ± 4.4 kg and from 25.9 ± 9.0 to 27.9 ± 8.6 kg, respectively); walking speed (from 6.5 ± 2.1 to 4.4 ± 1.8 m/s and from 6.1 ± 3.9 to 4.4 ± 1.8 m/s, respectively); SPPB (from 7.2 ± 1.5 to 10.6 ± 1.7 and from 7.7 ± 1.4 to 11.1 ± 1.3 points, respectively); FTS-5 (from 21.7 ± 4.7 to 14.5 ± 6.2 and from 16.8 ± 5.5 to 11.5 ± 4.7 points, respectively) and Fried (from 1.7 ± 0.9 to 1.0 ± 0.8 and from 1.3 ± 1.1 to 0.7 ± 0.9 points, respectively) (all p<0,05). No GxT was observed when comparing these two groups, but it was observed for all these variables when compared to control and train pairs (p<0,05).
CONCLUSION:
This MCT effectively enhances functional capacity and frailty in older adults with and without sarcopenia. However, further investigation is needed to determine if more specific exercise is required for skeletal muscle mass as those who improve muscle mass will probably improve their sarcopenic state.

1. Cruz-Jentoft, A. J. et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing 48, 16–31 (2019).