Author(s): LEE, C.L.1, CHANG, N.J.2, Institution: NATIONAL SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY, Country: TAIWAN, Abstract-ID: 592

INTRODUCTION:
According to the American College of Sports Medicine [1], an annual survey of fitness trends worldwide showed that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been one of the main trends for the past ten years. An alternative to HIIT is high-intensity functional training (HIFT), a relatively new training modality that emphasizes multi-joint functional movement that can be adapted to any fitness level and lead to higher muscle recruitment than more traditional forms of exercise [2]. HIFT is a form of intense exercise prescribed in various modalities and durations; however, little is known about the influence of acute HIFT on older adults.
METHODS:
Eighteen sub-healthy older adults were randomly selected and conducted in a balanced order to four trials after a maximum oxygen consumption test with the incremental load on an ergometer. We tested the acute effects of HIIT vs. HIFT vs. HIFT followed by HIIT [HIFT+HIIT] vs. HIIT followed by HIFT [HIIT+HIFT] on energy expenditure (EE), excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), and cognitive performance. The HIIT technique consists of 30 seconds of exercise for 12 movements with a 30-second rest between interval movements; the HIFT and HIIT sessions are similar, except for the 8 movements combined with free weight lifting.
RESULTS:
The EE during exercise in the HIIT was significantly higher than that in the HIFT+HIIT, HIIT+HIFT, and HIFT (5.41 vs. 4.60 vs. 4.59, and 3.71 kcal/hour/kg, p < .05). The EPOC during recovery in the HIFT+HIIT was significantly increased by 143%, 177%, and 246% compared to the HIIT+HIFT, HIIT, and HIFT conditions, respectively (p < .05); however, the HIIT+HIFT did not differ from HIIT or HIFT condition (p > .05). The Stroop test was not significantly different between exercise intervention among four conditions, but the cognitive abilities of Memory Sweep and Problem-Solving after 30 minutes of exercise among four conditions were significantly better than pre-exercise (p < .05).
CONCLUSION:
Integrating vigorous, interval cardio with strength training activities, regardless of the sequence, may dampen the anticipated surge in energy burn typically brought on by the cardio alone. Nevertheless, pairing resistance exercise followed by aerobic exercise might be advantageous for heightening the EPOC throughout the recovery phase. Moreover, all four types of exercise were found to improve partial cognitive function for aging adults with sub-healthy issues.

References:
[1] Thompson, W. R. (2022). Worldwide survey of fitness trends for 2022. ACSMs Health & Fitness Journal, 26(1), 11-20.
[2] Rivas-Campo, Y., García-Garro, P. A., Aibar-Almazán, A., Martínez-Amat, A., Vega-Ávila, G. C., Afanador-Restrepo, D. F., ... & Hita-Contreras, F. (2022, April). The effects of high-intensity functional training on cognition in older adults with cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Healthcare, 10 (4), 670.