Author(s): KIM, D., YOON, S., LIM, H.S., Institution: KOREA NATIONAL SPORT UNIVERSTY, Country: KOREA, SOUTH, Abstract-ID: 671

INTRODUCTION:
Road cycling is one of the most popular sports not only for professional athletes but also for recreational players around the world(1). Uphill slope riding must be included in this event and the winners of road cycle races are inevitably the better in uphill riding(2). Uphill slope riding which is the resistance of gravity dominates, most riders use a variety of postural strategies to overcome higher loads and the resulting fatigue and the riders cycling position is a criterion that can determine how well the riding performance can be performed(3). However, to date, quantitative data on differences in rider biomechanics according to changing uphill slopes are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide athletes and recreational riders with more effective information when riding uphill by analyzing differences in biomechanics according to changing slopes.
METHODS:
Ten healthy adult males (age: 30.18 ± 4.2 yrs., height: 173.75 ± 2.99 cm, weight: 66.9 ± 2.64 kg). and who have a weekly exercise distance of more than 100km and participated in amateur competitions with no lower extremity musculoskeletal injury within the past six months participated in this study. The experiment was conducted at three uphill slopes of 8%, 14%, and 20%, and the intensity of the experiment was 5.5 to 6 watts per kg of body weight for each slope for 4 minutes.
A 3-Dimensional motion analysis with eight infrared cameras(sampling rate: 200 Hz) and five-channel of EMG(sampling rate: 2000Hz) was performed. In this study event 1, 2, 3, and 4 were set at angular position of pedal at 330°, 30°, 150° and 210°, respectively. Also connections of events were set as phases (P1~P4). A one-way ANOVA with repeated measures was conducted to verify the intervention effect and the statistical significance was set at α=.05.
RESULTS:
As the uphill slope increased, the position of COM moved further back from the center of the cycle, and the changes in ROM and angular velocity were different for each phase. In the knee joint, P1 and P3 showed greater ROM and higher angular velocity as the slope increased, while P2 and P4 showed opposite results to P1 and P3 as the slope increased. As a result of analyzing the peak muscle activation timing of each muscles according to the incline during cycle pedaling, as the slope increased the peak activation timing was found to be faster for the vastus lateralis and biceps femoris, while the peak activation timing for the medial gastrocnemius muscle was delayed.
CONCLUSION:
The results of this study are expected to help athletes and recreational groups achieve more effective pedaling and efficient riding when riding uphill and will be helpful in follow-up research in the future.
REFERENCE:
1)Chun-Kai, T. ISBS Proceedings Archive, 2018
2)Bini, International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 2020
3)Caldwell et al., Journal of applied biomechanics, 1998