Author(s): NAKAJIMA, S., YAMADA, N., Institution: KYORITSU WOMEN'S JUNIOR COLLEGE , Country: JAPAN, Abstract-ID: 607

INTRODUCTION:
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are generated through nonenzymatic reactions between sugars and proteins, and excessive accumulation is linked to biological aging and increased cardiometabolic risk. This study investigated whether training intervention at varying intensities or nutrition guidance affects skin AGE levels in young women without habitual exercise behaviors.
METHODS:
Participants were allocated to one of three intervention groups: 30Ex (n = 12), 60Ex (n = 8), or nutrition guidance (Nu; n = 9). Skin AGE levels were assessed on the ventral forearm of the dominant arm using an AGE scanner at four time points: baseline (week 0), week 5, week 10, and week 25. Blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body composition dietary intake, assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire based on food groups (FFQg) was measured at the same time points.
RESULTS:
Exercise consisted of weekly recurring cycle ergometer training for 10 weeks (60 min/session), with intensity prescribed by VO₂max and monitored by heart rate. Statistical analysis used a linear mixed-effects models with participant-specific random intercepts, examining the fixed effects of group, time, and their interaction. Post hoc comparisons were adjusted using the Holm method.
CONCLUSION:
Analysis of skin AGE levels demonstrated a significant main effect of time (p = 0.00084), indicating changes across the measurement periods. However, neither the main effect of group nor the group × time interaction reached statistical significance (group: not significant; group × time: p = 0.507), suggesting no detectable differences in mean levels or temporal trends among the intervention types. In post hoc analyses (Holm-adjusted), skin AGEs at week 10 relative to baseline (Δ = +7.76) and a further increase at week 25 (Δ = +14.48), whereas the change from baseline to week 5 (Δ = +4.69) was not statistically significant.
FFQ-derived indices, including total energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and vegetable intake showed no significant changes over time (all p > 0.05). Additionally, no clear association was observed between these dietary indices and skin AGE levels (all p > 0.05).
In summary, skin AGE levels increased over time in young women without regular exercise habits, but differences by intervention type—exercise intensity or nutritional guidance—were not supported. Dietary intake patterns remained stable and were not clearly related to skin AGE level changes.