Author(s): VAN DEN BERG, P., GRUIC, I., Institution: NORTH WEST UNIVERSITY, Country: SOUTH AFRICA, Abstract-ID: 331

INTRODUCTION:
The impact of coaching on university-level athletes is profound, influencing their development, satisfaction, and performance. Previous research has suggested that the Coaching Efficacy Scale (CES), focusing on sport knowledge, motivation, communication, and instruction, all measured by a 10-point Likert scale, could be used to indicate coaching effectiveness. Understanding these distinctions is vital for customizing coaching strategies to athletes' unique needs. The objective of the study was to compare players’ perceptions of coaching effectiveness between coaches with different years of coaching experience and coaches of different genders.
METHODS:
In a quantitative study design employing hierarchical linear models, data were collected from 166 university-level athletes (aged 18 to 25) and 19 coaches (aged 21 to 49) across multiple sports disciplines, including rugby union, football, rugby 7's, netball, and field hockey.
RESULTS:
The results of the study indicated no statistically significant disparities for perception of coaching effectiveness amongst different genders, however a small practical significant effect size (d =0.33) favored female coaches towards the motivation dimension, indicating a more positive perception of motivation-related coaching behaviors among female coaches. Furthermore, statistical and practical significant differences were found regarding game strategy and character-building indicating that coaches with less than 10 years of coaching experience are perceived to be better compared to coaches with more than 10 years of coaching experience.
CONCLUSION:
The results highlight the critical need and value of promoting gender equity in coaching roles to foster an inclusive, growth-oriented environment and the importance of continuous learning and skill refinement for all coaches.