Author(s): MAY, L.E.1,3, BIAGIONI-BARTON, E.M.1,2, PEDERSEN, S.1,2, DEVENTE, J.3, WHITESIDE, J.3, MOURO, S.3, Institution: EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY, Country: UNITED STATES, Abstract-ID: 2695

INTRODUCTION:
It is well known that maternal nutrition and exercise modality independently influence gestational outcomes. A healthy diet or exercise can individually decrease the occurrence of pregnancy complications, such as diabetes and hypertension. However, the specific interaction of exercise mode (i.e., aerobic, strength, combination) and maternal consumption of key nutrients, such as vitamins and different types of proteins (total protein; animal, vegetable, dairy proteins) on maternal, placental, and pregnancy health outcomes has not been assessed.
METHODS:
We performed a post-hoc secondary analysis of maternal dietary intake data collected in early pregnancy via 24-hr recall (ASA24), from a randomized controlled trial of supervised prenatal exercise, including aerobic, strength, combination, and attention-control. ANOVA was done between pregnancy complications (PC) groups of 0, 1, 2, or 3 complications. We performed linear regression analysis to determine predictors of gestational outcomes
RESULTS:
PC groups were similar for maternal descriptors; however, women with 3 pregnancy complications tended to be older, delivered by unplanned C-section, with shorter gestational lengths, and thus longer hospital stay. There were distinct differences between PC groups in key vitamins, minerals, fats, and proteins, which informed regression analysis.
Controlling for key nutrients, protein, & exercise mode predictors of Pl weight were potassium, choline, zinc, water, caffeine, cholesterol, fats, p=.002, r2=.66); Pl efficiency were vitamins B12 and C, sodium, fat, selenium, and protein type, p=.02, r2=.65; number of PC were potassium, sodium, fat, parity, glucose, vitamin D, copper, dietary sugar, p=<.001, R2=.66; delivery type were exercise mode and vitamin B12, p=.005, R2=.38; GWG were fiber and exercise type, p=.03, R2=.45; Maternal glucose were parity and exercise mode, p=.049, R2=.38; Maternal BP were protein type, glucose, and water, p=.02, R2=.38; and gestational length were water and sodium, p=.02, R2=.39.
CONCLUSION:
Maternal and pregnancy health outcomes are specifically related to key nutrients (vitamin B12, potassium, sodium, fats, and protein types), as well as exercise mode (i.e., resistance). Further research is needed to explore the intersection of maternal nutrition and exercise on maternal, pregnancy, and placental outcomes. Therefore, our findings suggest an integrated approach of medical nutrition therapy combined with specific exercise training regimens is effective for improving maternal and pregnancy health outcomes.