Author(s): LEE, P., WANG, Y., Institution: NATIONAL TAICHUNG UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, Country: TAIWAN, Abstract-ID: 246

Introduction
The occurrence of match-fixing in sports has attracted significant academic attention, with most scholarly discourse centering on European football. However, scholars have noted that match-fixing is also prevalent in Asia, where several scandals have occurred in various sports. Match-fixing does not take place solely at the individual level nor does it involve individuals acting in isolation. Rather, the actors involved are embedded in a given organizational context. Little has been done to examine how a corrupt sports context is governed, specifically the governing mechanisms of sports corruption.

Objectives
This study aims to understand how professional sports have developed in Asian Chinese societies alongside the advancement of match-fixing. Specifically, it aims to understand the governance system of professional football in Singapore, where sports organizations and national governments have implemented measures to combat match manipulation.

Materials & Methods
A case study was implemented to collect information on the professional football system in Singapore through semi-structured interviews and documentary sources. Interviews were conducted with administrators from the FAS, NGB staff, academic experts, and football fans. Interview data was supplemented with analyses of documentary materials, including government documents, FAS documents, NGB statements, academic journals, media, and press commentaries.

Results & Discussion
The results are threefold. First, the connection between match-fixing and the socio-cultural structure is recognized. Second, the relationship between match-fixing and social networks and financial incentives is identified. Third, various agencies, including the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) and the Football Association of Singapore (FAS), initiated a collaborative effort overseen by the Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA) and the Corruption, Drug Trafficking and Other Serious Crimes (Confiscation of Benefits) Act 1992 (CDSA) to address the issue of match-fixing.

Conclusions
This study examines the development of anti-match-fixing strategies for professional sports in Singapore. The study concluded that relational arguments can reflect the practical occurrence of match-fixing from the perspective of social networks. Financial incentives have also been shown to play a pivotal role in forming match-fixing relationships within these networks. Finally, a zero-tolerance policy against the match-fixing guanxi network is implemented.