Author(s): LEE, G., KIM, T., YUN, J., PARK, J., SEO, D., Institution: KOREA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY, Country: KOREA, SOUTH, Abstract-ID: 1091

Introduction
Sarcopenia is a critical health issue among older adults, characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. While physical exercise remains the gold standard for prevention, maintaining long-term adherence in this population presents a significant challenge. Digital exergaming has emerged as a promising approach to enhance engagement. This study aimed to systematically develop a theoretically grounded exergame platform using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) framework to ensure the intervention effectively targets key determinants of physical activity engagement in older adults.

Methods
The development process was guided by the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behaviour) model and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Behavioural diagnosis identified barriers to exercise among older adults, including physical limitations and insufficient social support. Using the BCW, these barriers were mapped to specific intervention functions: training, education, and enablement. Evidence-based Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) were then systematically integrated into platform features, including difficulty-adjusted exercise routines and social feedback mechanisms.

Results
Behavioural diagnosis using COM-B and TDF identified key determinants for sarcopenia prevention, systematically translated into platform features. Regarding Capability, physical limitations and insufficient knowledge were identified as primary barriers, addressed through adaptive exercise routines with adjustable difficulty (BCT: Instruction on how to perform a behaviour) and accessible educational content on health consequences. For Opportunity, environmental restructuring and social support were deemed essential for sustained engagement, facilitated through a community-based environment enabling social comparison and vicarious learning. To enhance Motivation, both reflective and automatic processes were targeted: reflective motivation via goal-setting and self-monitoring modules, automatic motivation via gamification elements including rewards and positive reinforcement (BCT: Rewarding completion). These findings demonstrate a comprehensive, theory-driven intervention systematically addressing psychological and physical needs of older adults.

Conclusion
By applying the BCW framework, we developed a theoretically robust exergame platform tailored to older adults at risk of sarcopenia. This systematic approach bridges technological innovation and behavioural science. Clinical validation is warranted to assess platform effectiveness in improving muscle mass, strength, and sustained exercise adherence in this population.