Abstract details
| Abstract-ID: | 2025 |
| Title of the paper: | Carbonation of water modulates drinking behaviour, body fluid balance, and hunger after exercise in the heat without affecting eating behaviour |
| Authors: | Fujii, N., Takahagi, M., Hashimoto, H. |
| Institution: | University of Tsukuba |
| Department: | Institute of Health and Sport Sciences |
| Country: | Japan |
| Abstract text | INTRODUCTION: We recently reported that carbonation of water reduces beverage consumption compared to non-carbonated water, likely due to sensory effects such as oral stimulation. However, despite this reduction, hydration efficiency as assessed by changes in body weight and plasma volume was comparable to that of plain water. These findings suggest that carbonated water may offer similar hydration benefits to plain water, even when consumed in smaller volumes. However, the previous study was conducted under conditions where food intake was restricted. Since hydration occurs through both food and fluid consumption, it is practically important to investigate whether carbonation of water affects both drinking and eating behaviour, as well as hydration status, following exercise in the heat. METHODS: Twelve healthy young adults (six women) exercised at 50% of their peak oxygen uptake in a hot environment (35 °C) until they reached a 2% reduction in body mass. They then rested in a seated position in a cooler environment (25 °C) and were given a 30-min ad libitum eating and drinking period. During this time, participants were allowed to consume either non-carbonated or carbonated water, along with a standardized food item (bread). In the non-carbonated water trial, participants consumed non-carbonated water during the 30-min period, whereas in the carbonated water trial, they consumed carbonated water. The two trials were conducted on separate days. Venous blood and urine samples were collected throughout the protocol. RESULTS: In the carbonated water trial, fluid intake during the first 5 min after the onset of drinking was lower than in the non-carbonated water trial. Total fluid intake also tended to be lower under the carbonated water condition, whereas no difference was observed in total food intake between the two conditions. Cumulative urine volume did not differ between the water and carbonated water conditions. However, the degree of body mass recovery was lower in the carbonated water condition. In contrast, recovery of plasma volume and plasma osmolality was comparable between conditions. The carbonated water condition elicited a greater sensation of drinking-related stimulation and a greater reduction in hunger. CONCLUSION: Carbonated water reduces total fluid intake after exercise in the heat without affecting eating behavior, ultimately impairing the recovery of body fluid compared with the condition in which non-carbonated water is consumed. This attenuated recovery of body fluid with carbonated water contrasts with our previous study, in which participants followed the same protocol but did not consume food. In the present study, the inclusion of food particularly due to its sodium content may have helped retain ingested water in the body, a response that was absent in our earlier study. On the other hand, carbonated water intake suppresses hunger sensation, which may be beneficial for avoiding excessive calorie intake. |
| Topic: | Nutrition |
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